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Some Differences Between the Septuagint and Masoretic Traditions

Explore how the two most influential text traditions, the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text, each shaped, expanded, and condensed their inherited text...

Matching Reference Citations

Hebrew Bible

Isaiah 32:15 / Galatians 5:22 Isaiah 38:5 / Sirach 48:22 Ezekiel 1:28 / Sirach 49:8 Lamentations 4:3 / LXX Lamentations 4:3 Isaiah 52:7 / Jonathan Isaiah 52:7 Amos 9:12 / LXX Amos 9:12 Deuteronomy 33:2 / Habakkuk 3:4 Ezekiel 43:2 / LXX Ezekiel 43:2 Joshua 5:11 / LXX Joshua 5:11 Psalm 4:4 / LXX Psalm 4:5 Psalm 82:1 / LXX Psalm 81:1 Genesis 2:2 / LXX Genesis 2:2 Psalm 9:6 / LXX Psalm 9:6 Esther 8:6 / LXX Esther 8:6 Esther 2:20 / LXX Esther 2:20 Isaiah 26:9 / LXX Isaiah 26:9 Isaiah 21:7 / LXX Isaiah 21:7 Isaiah 9:2 / LXX Isaiah 9:2 Isaiah 26:16 / LXX Isaiah 26:16 Isaiah 60:14 / LXX Isaiah 60:14 Hosea 13:4 / LXX Hosea 13:4 Nahum 1:14 / LXX Nahum 1:14 Haggai 2:9 / LXX Haggai 2:9 Exodus 4:24 / LXX Exodus 4:24 Exodus 4:24 / Jubilees 48:2 Exodus 4:24 / Onkelos Exodus 4:24 Exodus 4:24 / Pseudo Jonathan Exodus 4:24 Exodus 12:40 / LXX Exodus 12:40 Deuteronomy 12:5 / Samaritan Deuteronomy 12:5 Genesis 2:2 / Samaritan Genesis 2:2 Exodus 4:24 / Samaritan Exodus 4:24 Deuteronomy 32:8 / LXX Deuteronomy 32:8 Deuteronomy 32:8 / Pseudo Jonathan Deuteronomy 32:9 Deuteronomy 32:8 / 4Q37 32:8 Exodus 15:3 / Samaritan Exodus 15:3 Leviticus 17:7 / Samaritan Leviticus 17:7 Genesis 3:12 / Samaritan Genesis 3:12 Deuteronomy 32:35 / Samaritan Deuteronomy 32:35 Deuteronomy 32:43 / LXX Deuteronomy 32:43 Psalm 18:25 / Matthew 5:7 Numbers 24:17 / LXX Numbers 24:17 Hosea 11:1 / LXX Hosea 11:1 Deuteronomy 8:2 / LXX Deuteronomy 8:2 Isaiah 9:6 / LXX Isaiah 9:6 Isaiah 42:1 / LXX Isaiah 42:1 Psalm 22:1 / LXX Psalms 21:2 Exodus 12:40 / Samaritan Exodus 12:40 Leviticus 17:4 / LXX Leviticus 17:4 Leviticus 17:4 / Samaritan Leviticus 17:4 Genesis 4:8 / LXX Genesis 4:8 Genesis 4:8 / Samaritan Genesis 4:8 Jeremiah 10:13 / LXX Jeremiah 28:16 Psalm 33:7 / Jeremiah 10:13 Job 4:21 / LXX Job 4:21 Isaiah 19:18 / Jonathan Isaiah 19:18 Isaiah 65:11 / LXX Isaiah 65:11 Isaiah 65:3 / LXX Isaiah 65:3 Genesis 11:4 / Daniel 4:11 Ezekiel 31:10 / Daniel 4:11 Genesis 11:4 / Ezekiel 31:10 Exodus 24:10 / LXX Exodus 24:10 Isaiah 65:17 / Revelation 21:1 Isaiah 51:9 / LXX Isaiah 51:9 Joshua 24:30 / LXX Joshua 24:31 Genesis 3:5 / LXX Genesis 3:5 Genesis 3:9 / LXX Genesis 3:9 Genesis 4:26 / LXX Genesis 4:26 Genesis 7:11 / LXX Genesis 7:11 Genesis 8:21 / LXX Genesis 8:21 Genesis 9:15 / LXX Genesis 9:15 Genesis 10:2 / LXX Genesis 10:2 Genesis 13:12 / LXX Genesis 13:12 Joshua 4:10 / LXX Joshua 4:10 Psalm 91:13 / LXX Psalm 90:13 Isaiah 9:2 / Matthew 4:15 Genesis 18:10 / Samaritan Genesis 18:10 Joshua 2:15 / LXX Joshua 2:15 Genesis 46:27 / LXX Genesis 46:27 Genesis 31:33 / LXX Genesis 31:33 Psalm 96:6 / 1 Chronicles 16:27 Genesis 6:4 / Deuteronomy 3:11 Genesis 6:4 / Deuteronomy 2:11 Genesis 6:4 / Numbers 13:33 Deuteronomy 31:18 / Hosea 3:1 Psalm 58:8 / Acts 13:11 Psalm 40:7 / LXX Psalm 39:7 / Hebrews 10:5 Micah 5:1 / Jonathan Micah 5:1 Genesis 21:6 / LXX Genesis 21:6 Genesis 21:9 / LXX Genesis 21:9 / Jubilees 17:4 Psalm 137:8 / Revelation 18:6 Genesis 49:10 / LXX Genesis 49:10 Daniel 2:44 / Revelation 11:15 Genesis 5:6 / LXX Genesis 5:6 Genesis 5:26 / LXX Genesis 5:26 Isaiah 43:12 / Jonathan Isaiah 43:12 Exodus 17:7 / Psalm 95:8 Deuteronomy 4:19 / 2 Chronicles 33:3 Isaiah 25:8 / LXX Hosea 13:14 / 1 Corinthians 15:55 Joel 2:32 / Obadiah 1:17 Deuteronomy 23:18 / Isaiah 23:17 2 Kings 20:7 / Isaiah 38:21 Numbers 11:17 / Isaiah 63:11 Judges 6:16 / LXX Judges 6:16 Isaiah 65:1 / LXX Isaiah 65:1 2 Samuel 21:19 / LXX 2 Samuel 21:19 Isaiah 60:1 / Baruch 4:24 Isaiah 60:2 / Baruch 5:3 Numbers 21:30 / LXX Numbers 21:30 Genesis 3:19 / Samaritan Genesis 3:19 Proverbs 10:19 / Sirach 20:8 Habakkuk 3:2 / Jonathan Habakkuk 3:2 Genesis 33:4 / Luke 15:22 Genesis 19:5 / Judges 19:22 Exodus 9:18 / Ezekiel 13:13 Proverbs 3:15 / LXX Proverbs 3:15 Proverbs 6:3 / LXX Proverbs 6:3 Amos 5:8 / LXX Amos 5:8 Deuteronomy 33:2 / 1 Enoch 14:21 Deuteronomy 33:2 / 1 Enoch 71:8 Isaiah 19:18 / LXX Isaiah 19:18 Numbers 14:45 / LXX Numbers 14:45 Joshua 6:26 / LXX Joshua 6:26 Joshua 8:12 / LXX Joshua 8:12 1 Samuel 13:3 / LXX 1 Samuel 13:3 Jeremiah 2:16 / LXX Jeremiah 2:16 2 Samuel 6:14 / LXX 2 Samuel 6:14 Hosea 10:12 / LXX Hosea 10:12 Isaiah 24:23 / LXX Isaiah 24:23 1 Samuel 1:24 / LXX 1 Samuel 1:24 Exodus 26:3 / Samaritan Exodus 26:3 Leviticus 9:4 / Samaritan Leviticus 9:4 Psalm 18:49 / 1 Enoch 48:5 2 Kings 19:37 / Tobit 1:21 Isaiah 34:10 / Baruch 4:35 Nehemiah 1:4 / Baruch 1:5 Daniel 8:23 / 2 Maccabees 6:14 Genesis 15:16 / 2 Maccabees 6:14 Genesis 15:16 / Daniel 8:23 Deuteronomy 29:20 / Jeremiah 11:7 Leviticus 26:13 / Jeremiah 28:10 Deuteronomy 33:2 / Psalm 80:3 Genesis 12:13 / Genesis 26:7 Genesis 12:13 / Genesis 20:2 Genesis 9:4 / Ezekiel 44:7 Deuteronomy 23:18 / Micah 1:7 2 Samuel 7:15 / Psalm 89:33 Jonah 2:3 / Psalm 42:7 Joel 1:20 / Psalm 42:1 Psalm 72:5 / Psalm 89:36 Numbers 16:24 / LXX Numbers 16:24 Genesis 11:12 / LXX Genesis 11:12 / Jubilees 8:1 / Luke 3:36 Genesis 22:2 / LXX Genesis 22:2 / Jubilees 18:2 Genesis 15:6 / Jubilees 14:6 / Romans 4:3 1 Samuel 4:8 / LXX 1 Samuel 4:8 1 Samuel 14:18 / LXX 1 Samuel 14:18 1 Samuel 25:37 / LXX 1 Samuel 25:37 2 Samuel 20:15 / LXX 2 Samuel 20:15 Exodus 3:7 / 1 Samuel 9:16 / LXX 1 Samuel 9:16 2 Samuel 7:23 / LXX 2 Samuel 7:23 1 Samuel 4:1 / Jonathan 1 Samuel 4:1 1 Samuel 4:1 / LXX 1 Samuel 4:1 2 Samuel 7:15 / LXX 2 Samuel 7:15 Jonah 3:10 / LXX Jonah 3:10 1 Samuel 6:19 / LXX 1 Samuel 6:19 1 Samuel 28:16 / LXX 1 Samuel 28:16 1 Samuel 15:2 / LXX 1 Samuel 15:2 2 Samuel 24:16 / LXX 2 Samuel 24:16 1 Samuel 9:12 / LXX 1 Samuel 9:12 Zechariah 5:1 / LXX Zechariah 5:1 Amos 4:4 / LXX Amos 4:4 Amos 5:15 / LXX Amos 5:15 Ezekiel 21:3 / LXX Ezekiel 21:3 1 Samuel 17:4 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:4 1 Samuel 17:38 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:38 1 Samuel 17:52 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:50 1 Samuel 17:36 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:36 1 Samuel 17:35 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:35 1 Samuel 17:43 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:42 1 Samuel 17:41 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:41 Genesis 8:7 / LXX Genesis 8:7 Isaiah 3:2 / 1 Corinthians 1:20 / Jonathan Isaiah 3:2 Zechariah 2:8 / LXX Zechariah 2:8 Isaiah 7:14 / LXX Isaiah 7:14 Isaiah 9:1 / LXX Isaiah 9:1 Isaiah 11:16 / LXX Isaiah 11:16 Isaiah 4:2 / Jonathan Isaiah 4:2 Isaiah 11:2 / Psalms of Solomon 17:37 Isaiah 14:12 / Luke 10:18 / Jonathan Isaiah 14:12 Isaiah 14:13 / Jonathan Isaiah 14:13 Isaiah 27:1 / Jonathan Isaiah 27:1 Isaiah 30:26 / Jonathan Isaiah 30:26 Isaiah 43:2 / Jonathan Isaiah 43:2 Isaiah 51:9 / Jonathan Isaiah 51:9 Leviticus 24:3 / LXX Leviticus 24:3 Leviticus 10:9 / LXX Leviticus 10:9 Leviticus 23:5 / LXX Leviticus 23:5 Leviticus 11:15 / LXX Leviticus 11:15 Leviticus 5:11 / Samaritan Leviticus 5:11 Leviticus 20:17 / LXX Leviticus 20:17 Leviticus 21:13 / LXX Leviticus 21:12-14 / Philo The Special Laws 1.110 Leviticus 1:5 / LXX Leviticus 1:5 Leviticus 4:12 / LXX Leviticus 4:12 Leviticus 1:15 / LXX Leviticus 1:15 Leviticus 8:10 / LXX Leviticus 8:10 2 Samuel 22:9 / LXX 2 Samuel 22:9 Exodus 33:13 / LXX Exodus 33:13 Joshua 4:5 / LXX Joshua 4:5 Numbers 6:25 / LXX Numbers 6:25 2 Samuel 7:5 / LXX 2 Samuel 7:5 Hosea 8:4 / LXX Hosea 8:4 Jeremiah 19:8 / LXX Jeremiah 19:8 Job 6:9 / LXX Job 6:9 Job 10:2 / LXX Job 10:2 Ezekiel 36:21 / LXX Ezekiel 36:22 Jeremiah 21:7 / LXX Jeremiah 21:7 1 Samuel 4:8 / Jonathan 1 Samuel 4:8 Deuteronomy 33:16 / LXX Deuteronomy 33:16 Isaiah 18:4 / LXX Isaiah 18:4 Jeremiah 10:10 / LXX Jeremiah 10:10 Jeremiah 36:17 / LXX Jeremiah 43:17 Joshua 24:33 / LXX Joshua 24:33 2 Samuel 24:15 / LXX 2 Samuel 24:15 Exodus 1:11 / LXX Exodus 1:11 Genesis 20:2 / LXX Genesis 20:2 Isaiah 3:25 / LXX Isaiah 3:25 Exodus 22:5 / LXX Exodus 22:5 Jeremiah 41:5 / LXX Jeremiah 48:4 Isaiah 34:4 / LXX Isaiah 34:4 Isaiah 16:12 / LXX Isaiah 16:12 2 Kings 18:29 / LXX 2 Kings 18:29 Genesis 31:16 / LXX Genesis 31:16 Genesis 7:3 / LXX Genesis 7:3 Jeremiah 26:2 / LXX Jeremiah 33:2 Exodus 3:1 / LXX Exodus 3:1 1 Samuel 15:35 / 1 Samuel 19:24 / LXX 1 Samuel 19:24 Numbers 16:15 / LXX Numbers 16:15 Amos 5:26 / LXX Amos 5:26 / Acts 7:43 Amos 5:9 / Jonathan Amos 5:9 Amos 5:26 / Jonathan Amos 5:26 Amos 5:26 / 4Q266 2 Samuel 1:21 / LXX 2 Samuel 1:21 Judges 6:14 / LXX Judges 6:14 Isaiah 52:7 / Mark 1:15 Numbers 11:15 / Onkelos Numbers 11:15 Amos 4:4 / Jonathan Amos 4:4 Ezekiel 8:17 / LXX Ezekiel 8:17 Job 32:3 / LXX Job 32:3 Hosea 4:7 / LXX Hosea 4:7 Genesis 27:39 / LXX Genesis 27:39 Genesis 50:19 / LXX Genesis 50:19 Exodus 31:6 / LXX Exodus 31:6 Isaiah 59:2 / LXX Isaiah 59:2 Isaiah 66:9 / LXX Isaiah 66:9 Isaiah 59:20 / LXX Isaiah 59:20 Isaiah 51:6 / LXX Isaiah 51:6 Amos 4:13 / LXX Amos 4:13 Habakkuk 3:5 / LXX Habakkuk 3:5 Micah 4:2 / LXX Micah 4:2 Micah 2:1 / LXX Micah 2:2 Zechariah 12:10 / LXX Zechariah 12:10 Micah 3:1 / LXX Micah 3:1 1 Samuel 2:6 / Pseudo Philo Biblical Antiquities 51:5 Numbers 16:46 / Ezekiel 8:11

Ancient Near East

Epic of Gilgamesh XI / Genesis 8:7 Panamuwa Inscription / Judges 9:5 Panamuwa Inscription / Judges 1:7 KTU 1.19 / 2 Samuel 1:21 Code of Hammurabi / Matthew 5:38

Septuagint

LXX Psalm 97:2 / Romans 1:16 LXX Isaiah 6:10 / John 12:37 LXX Psalm 77:2 / Matthew 13:35 LXX Zechariah 9:9 / Matthew 21:5 LXX Amos 9:13 / Acts 15:17 LXX Psalm 4:5 / Ephesians 4:26 LXX Deuteronomy 32:35 / Samaritan Deuteronomy 32:35 LXX Isaiah 9:2 / Matthew 4:16 LXX Deuteronomy 32:43 / Job 38:7 LXX Exodus 15:3 / Judith 16:2 LXX Isaiah 58:6 / LXX Isaiah 61:1 / Luke 4:18 LXX Genesis 2:2 / Megillah 9a LXX Zechariah 6:12 / Philo On the Confusion of Tongues 1:62

Deuterocanon

Baruch 3:29 / Romans 10:6 Sirach 18:1 / Revelation 4:11 Sirach 18:1 / Revelation 1:18 Sirach 24:32 / Bava Batra 12a

Targum

Jonathan Isaiah 55:1 / John 6:45 Jonathan Isaiah 43:5 / 1 John 2:1 Jonathan Isaiah 59:19 / Revelation 19:13

New Testament

Matthew 19:24 / Berakhot 55b Matthew 5:7 / Shabbat 151b Mark 1:11 / Jonathan Isaiah 43:10 3 John 1:7 / Jonathan Isaiah 48:11 Matthew 5:7 / James 2:13 Acts 7:10 / Pseudo Jonathan Genesis 41:43

Samaritan

Samaritan Genesis 2:2 / LXX Genesis 2:2 Samaritan Numbers 12:1 / Onkelos Numbers 12:1 Samaritan Exodus 3:6 / Acts 7:32 Samaritan Genesis 4:8 / LXX Genesis 4:8

Texts in Conversation

Hebrew Bible

Genesis 5:26 / LXX Genesis 5:26 Joshua 5:11 / LXX Joshua 5:11 Joshua 8:12 / LXX Joshua 8:12 Nahum 1:14 / LXX Nahum 1:14 Deuteronomy 32:8 / 4Q37 32:8 Genesis 12:7 / Samaritan Genesis 12:7 Genesis 11:32 / Samaritan Genesis 11:32 Leviticus 17:4 / LXX Leviticus 17:4 Numbers 4:14 / LXX Numbers 4:14 Joshua 24:30 / LXX Joshua 24:31 Joshua 4:10 / LXX Joshua 4:10 Genesis 21:9 / LXX Genesis 21:9 / Jubilees 17:4 Deuteronomy 32:8 / Jubilees 15:18 Genesis 15:6 / Jubilees 14:6 / Romans 4:3 1 Samuel 6:19 / LXX 1 Samuel 6:19 1 Samuel 15:2 / LXX 1 Samuel 15:2 2 Samuel 24:16 / LXX 2 Samuel 24:16 1 Samuel 17:41 / LXX 1 Samuel 17:41 Zechariah 2:8 / LXX Zechariah 2:8 1 Samuel 3:13 / LXX 1 Samuel 3:13 Leviticus 11:15 / LXX Leviticus 11:15 Leviticus 9:22 / Samaritan Leviticus 9:22 Leviticus 5:11 / Samaritan Leviticus 5:11 Joshua 4:5 / LXX Joshua 4:5 Jeremiah 21:7 / LXX Jeremiah 21:7 Jeremiah 10:10 / LXX Jeremiah 10:10 Ezekiel 6:8 / LXX Ezekiel 6:8 Joshua 6:6 / LXX Joshua 6:6 1 Samuel 16:4 / LXX 1 Samuel 16:4 Genesis 31:16 / LXX Genesis 31:16 1 Samuel 3:13 / LXX 1 Samuel 3:13 / Jonathan 1 Samuel 3:13 Malachi 1:13 / LXX Malachi 1:13 2 Samuel 16:12 / Jonathan 2 Samuel 16:12 Job 7:20 / LXX Job 7:20 Job 32:3 / LXX Job 32:3 Hosea 4:7 / LXX Hosea 4:7

Septuagint

LXX Deuteronomy 32:43 / Job 38:7

Samaritan

Samaritan Genesis 2:2 / LXX Genesis 2:2

Matching Tags

Masoretic Additions 6 Masoretic Deletions 7 Tiqqun Soferim 16

Glossary Terms

Masoretic

Articles

The Significance of the Differences Between Text Traditions

How Divergent Traditions Reveal What Was Important to Translators and Interpreters

intertextual.bible • March 13, 2026 • 7 min read

Pre-Masoretic Hebrew Tradition

History and Tradition

intertextual.bible • January 4, 2026 • 6 min read

Reference Library

The Israelite Samaritan Version of the Torah: First English Translation Compared with the Masoretic Version

Tsedaka, Benyamim • William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company • 2013

The Israelite Samaritan Version of the Torah: First English Translation Compared with the Masoretic Version

Tsedaka, Benyamim • William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company • 2013

Variants in the Samaritan Pentateuch of the Hebrew Bible as compared to the Masoretic Text

Dufour, Sharon Sullivan • Eastern Michigan University • 2009

When Does Translation Become Exegesis? Exodus 24:9-11 in the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint

Wyckoff, Eric John • The Catholic Bible Quarterly 74 • 2012

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