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LXX Exodus

Septuagint

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Chapter 33

1 And the Lord said to Moses, Go forward, go up from here, you and your people, whom you brought out of the land of Egypt, into the land which I swore to Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, saying, I will give it to your seed. 2 And I will send at the same time my angel before your face,⁠ and he shall cast out the Amorite and the Hittite, and the Perizzite and Girgashite, and Hivite, and Jebusite. 3 And I will bring you into a land flowing with milk and honey; for I will not go up with you, because you are a stiff-necked people, for fear that I might consume you by the way. 4 And the people having heard this distressing saying, mourned in mourning clothing. 5 For the Lord said to the children of Israel, You are a stiff-necked people; take heed for fear that I might bring on you another plague, and destroy you: now then put off your glorious clothing, and your ornaments, and I will show you what I will do to you. 6 So the sons of Israel took off their ornaments and their array at the mount of Horeb. 7 And Moses took his tabernacle and pitched it outside the camp, at a distance from the camp; and it was called the Tabernacle of Testimony: and it happened that every one that sought the Lord went forth to the tabernacle which was outside the camp. 8 And whenever Moses went into the tabernacle outside the camp, all the people stood every one watching by the doors of his tent; and when Moses departed, they took notice until he entered into the tabernacle. 9 And when Moses entered into the tabernacle, the pillar of the cloud descended, and stood at the door of the tabernacle, and God talked to Moses. 10 And all the people saw the pillar of the cloud standing by the door of the tabernacle, and all the people stood and worshiped every one at the door of his tent. 11 And the Lord spoke to Moses face to face, as if one should speak to his friend; and he retired into the camp: but his servant Joshua the son of Nun, a young man, did not depart from the tabernacle. 12 And Moses said to the Lord, Look! you say to me, Lead on this people; but you have not shown me whom you will send with me, but you have said to me, I know you above all, and you have favor with me. 13 If then I have found favor in your sight,⁠ reveal yourself to me, that I may clearly see you; that I may find favor in your sight, and that I may know that this great nation is your people. 14 And he says, I myself will go before you, and give you rest. 15 And he says to him, If you yourself do not go, do not bring me up from here. 16 And how shall it be surely known, that both I and this people have found favor with you, except only if you go with us? So both I and your people shall be glorified beyond all the nations, as many as are upon the earth. 17 And the Lord said to Moses, I will also do for you this thing, which you have spoken; for you have found grace before me, and I know you above all. 18 And he says, Show me your own glory. 19 And God said, I will pass by before you with my glory, and I will call by my name, the Lord, before you; and I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and will have pity on whom I will have pity. 20 And God said, You shall not be able to see my face; for no man shall see my face, and live. 21 And the Lord said, Look, there is a place by me: you shall stand upon the rock; 22 and when my glory shall pass by, then I will put you into a hole of the rock; and I will cover you over with my hand, until I shall have passed by. 23 And I will remove my hand, and then you will see my back parts; but my face shall not appear to you.

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Compare Exodus 33:2 and LXX Exodus 33:2

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Exodus 33 says God will send an angel ahead of Israel and drive out the Canaanites himself. The Greek Septuagint changes this so the angel drives them out, likely to avoid portraying God acting like a human or being directly involved in violence.

Passages

Exodus 33:2

Hebrew Bible
1 The Lord said to Moses, “Go up from here, you and the people whom you brought up out of the land of Egypt, to the land I promised on oath to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, saying, ‘I will give it to your descendants.’ 2 I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite. 3 Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey. But I will not go up among you, for you are a stiff-necked people, and I might destroy you on the way.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Exodus

LXX Exodus 33:2

Septuagint
1 And the Lord said to Moses, Go forward, go up from here, you and your people, whom you brought out of the land of Egypt, into the land which I swore to Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, saying, I will give it to your seed. 2 And I will send at the same time my angel before your face, and he shall cast out the Amorite and the Hittite, and the Perizzite and Girgashite, and Hivite, and Jebusite. 3 And I will bring you into a land flowing with milk and honey; for I will not go up with you, because you are a stiff-necked people, for fear that I might consume you by the way.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Exodus

References

"... Our targumist translates the biblical phrase literally. The Septuagint changes the text to read: 'My angel ... he will drive out,' thereby avoiding portraying God anthropomorphically. Saadiah resolves the problem by seeming to suggest that the tzir'ah, 'disturbance' or 'insects,' mentioned in 23:28, would drive out the nations ..."
Israel Drazin and Stanley M. Wagner, Onkelos on the Torah, Exodus: Understanding the Bible Text (Jerusalem: Gefen, 2006), 229.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Exodus 33:2 and LXX Exodus 33:2

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