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Genesis 29 says Leah had “tender” eyes, but Rachel was beautiful, a contrast that confused readers who saw Leah’s eyes as a flaw, explaining why Laban deceived Jacob into marrying her. This interpretation is found in the Greek Septuagint and Jubilees.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

Genesis 29:17

Hebrew Bible
16 (Now Laban had two daughters; the older one was named Leah, and the younger one Rachel. 17 Leah’s eyes were tender, but Rachel had a lovely figure and beautiful appearance.) 18 Since Jacob had fallen in love with Rachel, he said, “I’ll serve you seven years in exchange for your younger daughter Rachel.”
Date: 5th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)

LXX Genesis 29:17

Septuagint
16 Now Laban had two daughters, the name of the elder was Lea, and the name of the younger, Rachel. 17 And the eyes of Lea were weak. But Rachel was beautiful in appearance, and exceedingly fair in face. 18 And Jacob loved Rachel, and said, I will serve you seven years for your younger daughter Rachel.
Date: 3rd Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Jubilees 28:5

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
4 And he went in to her, and behold, she was Leah; and Jacob was angry with Laban, and said to him: 'Why have you dealt thus with me? Did I not serve you for Rachel and not for Leah? Why have you wronged me? Take your daughter, and I will go; for you have done evil to me.' 5 For Jacob loved Rachel more than Leah; for Leah's eyes were weak, but her form was very handsome; but Rachel had beautiful eyes and a beautiful and very handsome form.
Date: 150-100 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#3994
"... Whether or not Jacob was actually deluded, interpreters were equally curious about why Laban had gone to the trouble of switching his two daughters in the first place. Most did not take Laban's own explanation (that the younger daughter was not be married off before the older) as truthful. Instead, they reasoned, Laban had been motivated by a crucial difference in his two daughters' appearances. For when they are first described, they are presented in these terms ... The significance of the word "soft" seemed to hold the key to understanding this whole incident. For if Leah's eyes were soft and (as the text goes on to add) Jacob preferred Rachel, then perhaps having "soft eyes" was some sort of defect, one that would make Laban have to resort to trickery in order to find Leah a husband. Thus, some interpreters concluded that she indeed had something wrong with her eyes ..."
Kugel, James L. The Bible as it Was (p. 220) Harvard University Press, 1998

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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