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LXX Ezekiel

Septuagint

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Chapter 21

1 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 2 Son of man, set your face against Teman, and look toward Darom, and prophesy against the chief forest of Negev, 3 and you shall say to the forest of Negev, Hear the word of the Lord; thus says the Lord, even the Lord; Look, I will kindle a fire in you, and it shall devour in you every green tree, and every dry tree: the flame that is kindled shall not be quenched, and every face shall be scorched with it from the south to the north. 4 And all flesh shall know that I the Lord have kindled it: it shall not be quenched. 5 And I said, Not so, Lord God! they say to me, Is not this that is spoken a parable? 6 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 7 Therefore prophesy, son of man, set your face steadfastly toward Jerusalem, and look toward their holy places, and you shall prophesy against the land of Israel, 8 and you shall say to the land of Israel, Thus says the Lord; Look, I am against you, and I will draw forth my sword out of its sheath, and I will destroy out of you the⁠ transgressor and unrighteous. 9 Because I will destroy out of you the unrighteous and the transgressor, therefore so shall my sword come forth out of its sheath against all flesh from the south to the north: 10 and all flesh shall know that I the Lord have drawn forth my sword out of its sheath: it shall not return any more. 11 And you, son of man, groan with the breaking of your lower back; you shall even groan heavily in their sight. 12 And it will happen, if they shall say to you, Why do you groan? that you shall say, For the report; because it comes: and every heart shall break, and all hands shall become feeble, and all flesh and every spirit shall faint, and all thighs shall be defiled with moisture: look, it comes, and it shall be, says the Lord. 13 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 14 Son of man, prophesy, and you shall say, Thus says the Lord; Say, Sword, sword, be sharpened and rage, 15 that you may kill victims; be sharpened that you may be bright, ready for slaughter, kill, set at nothing, despise every tree. 16 And he made it ready for his hand to hold: the sword is sharpened, it is ready to put into the hand of the slayer. 17 Cry out and howl, son of man: for this sword has come upon my people, this sword has come upon all the princes of Israel: they shall be as strangers: judgment with the sword has come upon my people: therefore clap your hands, 18 for sentence has been passed: and what if even the tribe be rejected? it shall not be, says the Lord God. 19 And you, son of man, prophesy, and clap your hands, and take a second sword: the third sword is the sword of those killed, the great sword of those killed: and it shall strike them with amazement, 20 that the heart may faint, and the weak ones be multiplied at every gate: they are given up to the slaughter of the sword: it is well fitted for slaughter, it is well fitted for glittering. 21 Go on, sharpen yourself on the right and on the left wherever your face may set itself. 22 And I also will clap my hands, and let loose my fury: I the Lord have spoken it. 23 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 24 and you, son of man, appoint yourself two ways, that the sword of the king of Babylon may enter in: the two shall go forth of one country; and there shall be a force at the top of the way of the city, you shall set it at the top of the way, 25 that the sword may enter in upon Rabbath of the children of Ammon, and upon Judea, and upon Jerusalem in the midst of it. 26 For the king of Babylon shall stand on the old way, at the head of the two ways, to use divination, to make bright the arrow, and to inquire of the carved images, and to examine the victims on his right. 27 The divination was against Jerusalem, to cast a mound, to open the mouth in shouting, to lift up the voice with crying, to cast a mound against her gates, to cast up a heap, and to build forts. 28 And he was to them as one using divination before them, and he himself recounting his iniquities, that they might be borne in mind. 29 Therefore thus says the Lord, Because you have caused your iniquities to be remembered, in the uncovering of your wickedness, so that your sins should be seen, in all your wickedness and in your evil practices; because you have caused remembrance of them, you shall be taken in these. 30 And you, profane wicked prince of Israel, whose day has come, even an end, in a season of iniquity, 31 thus says the Lord; You have taken off the turban and put on the crown, it shall not have such another after it: you have abased that which was high, and exalted that which was low. 32 Injustice, injustice, I will make it: neither shall it be such until he comes to whom it belongs; and I will deliver it to him. 33 And you, son of man, prophesy, and you shall say, Thus says the Lord, concerning the children of Ammon, and concerning their reproach; and you shall say, sword, sword, drawn for slaughter, and drawn for destruction, awake, that you may gleam. 34 While you are seeing vain visions, and while you are prophesying falsehoods, to bring yourself upon the necks of transgressors who were killed, the day has come, even an end, in a season of iniquity. 35 Turn, do not rest in this place in which you were born: in your own land I will judge you. 36 And I will pour out my fierce anger upon you, I will blow upon you with the fire of my fierce anger, and I will deliver you into the hands of barbarians skilled in working destruction. 37 You shall be fuel for fire; your blood shall be in the midst of your land; there shall be no remembrance at all of you: for I the Lord have spoken it.

Texts in conversation

Compare Ezekiel 21:3 and LXX Ezekiel 21:8

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Ezekiel 21 says that the righteous and the unrighteous will be cut down. In the Greek Septuagint, this is changed to say that only the unrighteous will be destroyed, likely to avoid the image of unfair divine judgment.

Passages

Ezekiel 21:3

Hebrew Bible
2 “Son of man, turn toward Jerusalem and speak out against the sanctuaries. Prophesy against the land of Israel 3 and say to them, ‘This is what the Lord says: Look, I am against you. I will draw my sword from its sheath and cut off from you both the righteous and the wicked. 4 Because I will cut off from you both the righteous and the wicked, my sword will go out from its sheath against everyone from the south to the north.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ezekiel

LXX Ezekiel 21:8

Septuagint
6 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 7 Therefore prophesy, son of man, set your face steadfastly toward Jerusalem, and look toward their holy places, and you shall prophesy against the land of Israel, 8 and you shall say to the land of Israel, Thus says the Lord; Look, I am against you, and I will draw forth my sword out of its sheath, and I will destroy out of you the transgressor and unrighteous. 9 Because I will destroy out of you the unrighteous and the transgressor, therefore so shall my sword come forth out of its sheath against all flesh from the south to the north:
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Ezekiel

References

"... The concept of God’s goodness, a central issue of Plato’s philosophy, became also important for Jewish theology. Due to this doctrine, transmitters and translators sometimes modified the text. In order to avoid any suspicion of despotism, the translator of Amos transmuted the ironic imperatives in Amos 4:4 to indicatives, and he rendered אולי (“perhaps”) in Amos 5:15 by ὅπως: God’s reaction on human repentance is not to be categorized by “perhaps”! In LXX Isaiah 6:9–10, the theory of divine hardening is avoided. The translator of Ezekiel altered Ezekiel 21:3-4 [LXX 8-9] ... According to the Masoretic text, God will destroy the righteous and the wicked whereas the Septuagint alters: God will destroy the unrighteous and the wicked ..."
Martin Meiser, The Septuagint and Its Reception: Collected Essays (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2022), 104.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Ezekiel 21:3 and LXX Ezekiel 21:8

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