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LXX Exodus

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 4

1 And Moses answered and said, If they do not believe me, and do not listen to my voice (for they will say, God has not appeared to you), what shall I say to them? 2 And the Lord said to him, What is this thing that is in your hand? and he said, A rod. 3 And he said, Cast it on the ground: and he cast it on the ground, and it became a serpent, and Moses fled from it. 4 And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch forth your hand, and take hold of its tail: so he stretched forth his hand and took hold of the tail, and it became a rod in his hand, 5 that they may believe you, that the Lord God of their fathers has appeared to you, the God of Abraham, and God of Isaac, and God of Jacob. 6 And the Lord said again to him, Put your hand into your bosom; and he put his hand into his bosom, and brought his hand out of his bosom, and his hand became as snow. 7 And he said again, Put your hand into your bosom; and he put his hand into his bosom, and brought his hand out of his bosom, and it was again restored to the complexion of his other flesh. 8 And if they will not believe you, nor listen to the voice of the first sign, they will believe you because of the voice of the second sign. 9 And it will happen if they will not believe you for these two signs, and will not listen to your voice, that you shall take of the water of the river and pour it upon the dry land, and the water which you shall take from the river shall be blood upon the dry land. 10 And Moses said to the Lord, I pray, Lord, I have not been sufficient in former times, neither from the time that you have begun to speak to your servant: I am thin of voice, and slow-tongued.⁠ 11 And the Lord said to Moses, Who has given a mouth to man, and who has made the very hard of hearing, and the deaf, the seeing and the blind? have not I, God? 12 And now go and I will open your mouth, and will instruct you in what you shall say. 13 And Moses said, Please, Lord, appoint another able person whom you shall send. 14 And the Lord was greatly angered against Moses, and said, Look! is not Aaron the Levite your brother? I know that he will surely speak to you; and, look, he will come forth to meet you, and seeing you he will rejoice within himself. 15 And you shall speak to him; and you shall put my words into his mouth, and I will open your mouth and his mouth, and I will instruct you in what you shall do. 16 And he shall speak for you to the people, and he shall be your mouth, and you shall be for him in things pertaining to God. 17 And this rod that was turned into a serpent you shall take in your hand, with which you shall work miracles. 18 And Moses went and returned to Jethro his father-in-law, and says, I will go and return to my brothers in Egypt, and will see if they are yet living. And Jethro said to Moses, Go in health. 19 And in those days after some time, the king of Egypt died. And the Lord said to Moses in Midian, Go, depart into Egypt, for all that sought your life are dead. 20 And Moses took his wife and his children, and mounted them on the beasts,⁠ and returned to Egypt; and Moses took the rod which he had from God in his hand. 21 And the Lord said to Moses, When you go and return to Egypt, see, all the miracles I have charged you with, you shall work before Pharaoh: and I will harden his heart, and he shall certainly not send away the people. 22 And you shall say to Pharaoh, These things says the Lord, Israel is my firstborn. 23 And I said to you, Send away my people, that they may serve me: now if you will not send them away, see, I will kill your firstborn son. 24 And it happened that the angel of the Lord met him⁠ by the way in the inn, and sought to kill him.⁠ 25 and Zipporah having taken a stone cut off the foreskin of her son, and fell at his feet and said, The blood of the circumcision of my son is staunched: 26 and he departed from him, because she said, The blood of the circumcision of my son is staunched. 27 And the Lord said to Aaron, Go into the wilderness to meet Moses; and he went and met him in the mount of God, and they kissed each other. 28 And Moses reported to Aaron all the words of the Lord, which he sent, and all the signs which he charged him. 29 And Moses and Aaron went and gathered the elders of the children of Israel. 30 And Aaron spoke all these words, which God spoke to Moses, and performed the miracles before the people. 31 and the people believed and rejoiced, because God visited the children of Israel, and because he saw their affliction: and the people bowed and worshiped.

Texts in conversation

Compare Exodus 4:20 and LXX Exodus 4:20

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Exodus 4 states that Moses placed his family on a “donkey,” while the Greek Septuagint translation changes that to an unspecific “beast of burden,” possibly to avoid the image of a noble woman riding a lowly animal.

Passages

Exodus 4:20

Hebrew Bible
19 The Lord said to Moses in Midian, “Go back to Egypt, because all the men who were seeking your life are dead.” 20 Then Moses took his wife and sons and put them on a donkey and headed back to the land of Egypt, and Moses took the staff of God in his hand. 21 The Lord said to Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the wonders I have put under your control. But I will harden his heart and he will not let the people go.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Exodus

LXX Exodus 4:20

Septuagint
19 And in those days after some time, the king of Egypt died. And the Lord said to Moses in Midian, Go, depart into Egypt, for all that sought your life are dead. 20 And Moses took his wife and his children, and mounted them on the beasts, and returned to Egypt; and Moses took the rod which he had from God in his hand. 21 And the Lord said to Moses, When you go and return to Egypt, see, all the miracles I have charged you with, you shall work before Pharaoh: and I will harden his heart, and he shall certainly not send away the people.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Exodus

References

"... The Greek translation, the Septuagint, changes 'ass' to 'beasts of burden.' Commentators suggest the honor of Moses' wife as the reason for the emendation, for it would be improper for a woman of Moses' wife's stature to ride on a lowly ass. However, our targumist does not deviate from the literal translation of the biblical word hachamor. He translates it exactly as chamara, which may mean an ass, or the ass. Rashi, relying on a Midrash, states that the definite article, 'the,' implies the special ass. This is the ass upon which Abraham rode on his way to Mount Moriah to offer Isaac as a sacrifice, and that will, ultimately, be mounted by the King Messiah ..."
Israel Drazin and Stanley M. Wagner, Onkelos on the Torah, Exodus: Understanding the Bible Text (Jerusalem: Gefen, 2006), 21–22.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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