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Hosea

About this book
Chapter 11

1 “When Israel was a young man, I loved him like a son, and I summoned my son out of Egypt.⁠ 2 But the more I summoned them, the farther they departed from me. They sacrificed to the Baal idols and burned incense to images. 3 Yet it was I who led Ephraim; I took them by the arm, but they did not acknowledge that I had healed them. 4 I drew them with leather cords, with straps of hide; I lifted the yoke from their neck and gently fed them. 5 They will return to Egypt! Assyria will rule over them because they refuse to repent! 6 A sword will flash in their cities; it will destroy the bars of their city gates, and will devour them in their fortresses. 7 My people are obsessed with turning away from me; they call to Baal, but he will never exalt them! 8 “How can I give you up, O Ephraim? How can I surrender you, O Israel?⁠ How can I treat you like Admah? How can I make you like Zeboyim?⁠ I have had a change of heart. All my tender compassions are aroused.⁠ 9 I cannot carry out my fierce anger! I cannot totally destroy Ephraim! Because I am God, and not man—the Holy One among you—I will not come in wrath! 10 “He will roar like a lion, and they will follow the Lord; when he roars, his children will come trembling from the west. 11 They will return in fear and trembling like birds from Egypt, like doves from Assyria, and I will settle them in their homes,” declares the Lord. 12 (12:1) Ephraim has surrounded me with lies; the house of Israel has surrounded me with deceit. But Judah still roams about with God; he remains faithful to the Holy One.

Texts in conversation

Compare Hosea 11:1 and LXX Hosea 11:1

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Hosea 11 refers to Israel as God’s “son” called out of Egypt, using singular language. The Greek Septuagint translation changes this to “his children,” shifting the focus from one to many, likely reflecting a later nationalistic tradition.

Passages

Hosea 11:1

Hebrew Bible
1 “When Israel was a young man, I loved him like a son, and I summoned my son out of Egypt. 2 But the more I summoned them, the farther they departed from me. They sacrificed to the Baal idols and burned incense to images. 3 Yet it was I who led Ephraim; I took them by the arm, but they did not acknowledge that I had healed them.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hosea

LXX Hosea 11:1

Septuagint
1 For Israel is a child, and I loved him, and out of Egypt I have called his children. 2 As I called them, so they departed from my presence: they sacrificed to Baals, and burnt incense to carved images. 3 Yet I bound the feet of Ephraim, I took him on my arm; but they did not know that I healed them.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Hosea

References

"... Unlike the Masoretic text and Matthew 2:15, the LXX has “out of Egypt I called his children” instead of “out of Egypt I called my son” ..."
Christopher Winchester, “Thematic Association in the Gospel of Matthew: Situating Exegesis in the Gospel of Matthew in Its Second Temple Context” (PhD diss., University of Edinburgh, 2017), 188.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Hosea 11:1 and LXX Hosea 11:1

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