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Amos

About this book
Chapter 5

1 Listen to this funeral song I am ready to sing about you, family of Israel:⁠ 2 “The virgin Israel has fallen down and will not get up again.⁠ She is abandoned on her own land with no one to help her get up.” 3 The Sovereign Lord says this: “The city that marches out with a thousand soldiers will have only a hundred left; the town that marches out with a hundred soldiers will have only ten left for the family of Israel.” 4 The Lord says this to the family of Israel: “Seek me so you can live! 5 Do not seek Bethel. Do not visit Gilgal. Do not journey down to Beer Sheba. For the people of Gilgal will certainly be carried into exile, and Bethel will become a place where disaster abounds.” 6 Seek the Lord so you can live! Otherwise he will break out like fire against Joseph’s family; the fire will consume, and no one will be able to quench it and save Bethel. 7 The Israelites turn justice into bitterness; they throw what is fair and right to the ground. 8 But there is one who made the constellations Pleiades and Orion;⁠ he can turn the darkness into morning and daylight into night. He summons the water of the seas and pours it out on the earth’s surface. The Lord is his name!⁠ 9 He flashes destruction down upon the strong so that destruction overwhelms the fortified places.⁠ 10 The Israelites hate anyone who arbitrates at the city gate; they despise anyone who speaks honestly. 11 Therefore, because you make the poor pay taxes on their crops and exact a grain tax from them, you will not live in the houses you built with chiseled stone, nor will you drink the wine from the fine vineyards you planted. 12 Certainly I am aware of your many rebellious acts and your numerous sins. You torment the innocent, you take bribes, and you deny justice to the needy at the city gate. 13 For this reason whoever is smart keeps quiet in such a time, for it is an evil time. 14 Seek good and not evil so you can live! Then the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies just might be with you, as you claim he is. 15 Hate what is wrong, love what is right.⁠ Promote justice at the city gate. Maybe the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies will have mercy on those who are left from Joseph.⁠ 16 Because of Israel’s sins this is what the Lord, the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies, says: “In all the squares there will be wailing; in all the streets they will mourn the dead. They will tell the field workers to lament and the professional mourners to wail. 17 In all the vineyards there will be wailing, for I will pass through your midst,” says the Lord. 18 Woe to those who wish for the day of the Lord! Why do you want the Lord’s day of judgment to come? It will bring darkness, not light. 19 Disaster will be inescapable, as if a man ran from a lion only to meet a bear, then escaped into a house, leaned his hand against the wall, and was bitten by a poisonous snake. 20 Don’t you realize the Lord’s day of judgment will bring darkness, not light—gloomy blackness, not bright light? 21 “I absolutely despise your festivals! I will not smell58 your religious assemblies.⁠ 22 Even if you offer me burnt and grain offerings, I will not be satisfied; I will not look with favor on your peace offerings of fattened calves.⁠ 23 Take away from me your noisy songs; I don’t want to hear the music of your stringed instruments. 24 Justice must flow like torrents of water, righteous actions like a stream that never dries up.⁠ 25 You did not bring me sacrifices and grain offerings during the 40 years you spent in the wilderness, family of Israel. 26 You will pick up your images of Sikkuth,⁠ your king, and⁠ Kiyyun, your star god, which you made for yourselves,⁠ 27 and I will drive you into exile beyond Damascus,” says the Lord. He is called the God of Heaven’s Armies.

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Compare Amos 5:8 and LXX Amos 5:8

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Amos 5 names the creation of the constellations Pleiades and Orion to highlight divine control of the cosmos. The Greek Septuagint translation removes these names and describes more generally the stars, perhaps because of unfamiliarity with the Hebrew.

Passages

Amos 5:8

Hebrew Bible
6 Seek the Lord so you can live! Otherwise he will break out like fire against Joseph’s family; the fire will consume, and no one will be able to quench it and save Bethel. 7 The Israelites turn justice into bitterness; they throw what is fair and right to the ground. 8 But there is one who made the constellations Pleiades and Orion; he can turn the darkness into morning and daylight into night. He summons the water of the seas and pours it out on the earth’s surface. The Lord is his name! 9 He flashes destruction down upon the strong so that destruction overwhelms the fortified places. 10 The Israelites hate anyone who arbitrates at the city gate; they despise anyone who speaks honestly.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Amos

LXX Amos 5:8

Septuagint
6 Seek the Lord, and you shall live; so that the house of Joseph does not blaze like fire and devour him, and there shall be none to quench it for the house of Israel. 7 It is the Lord that executes judgment in the height above, and he has established justice on the earth: 8 who makes all things, and changes them, and turns the shadow of death into the morning, and darkens the day into night: who calls for the water of the sea, and pours it out on the face of the earth: the Lord God Almighty is his name: 9 who dispenses ruin to strength, and brings distress upon the fortress. 10 They hated him that reproved in the gates, and abhorred holy speech.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Amos

References

"... in the Septuagint, the description of heavy rain in verse 25 comes not as a contrasting addition (as in the Masoretic text) but rather a complimentary one. The description of the rain that follows in verses 26–27 of the Masoretic text is missing in the original Greek text. Possibly, the translator felt these verses were redundant. In any case, central to the questions put to Job in the Greek text, exactly as in the Masoretic text, stands the notion that none other than God is responsible for thunderstorms and heavy downpours, as well as for frost, cold and large sheets of ice (verses 25–30). Motifs from the mythology of the weather god are playfully employed (compare Psalm 29:3–9). However, in contrast to the Masoretic text, these are not flanked by any rationalizing tendency; rather, the God of Israel appears mythopoetically as the single true father of rain (verse 28). Pagan Greek poets speak in this fashion about Zeus. A section on the heavenly bodies follows upon the representation of precipitation and frost in a way that makes sense meteorologically (verses 31–33). From the “deep”, the glance turns once more to the sky and makes the Pleiades and Orion its theme. (Compare Job 9:9; Isaiah 13:10 LXX; Amos 5:8) Verse 32, which is missing in the Old Greek, possibly because the translator was not familiar with the rare Hebrew word ..."
Markus Witte, “Cosmos and Creation in Job 38 (Septuagint),” in Cosmos and Creation: Second Temple Perspectives, ed. Michael W. Duggan et al. (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2020), 55–76.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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