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Deuteronomy 33 says God's eternal arms are underneath Israel. The gospel of John opens by saying all things were created through the Word, similar to the Aramaic translation of Deuteronomy in Targum Onkelos, which says the world was made by his Memra.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Deuteronomy 33:27
Hebrew Bible
26 “There is no one like God, O Jeshurun, who rides through the sky to help you, on the clouds in majesty. 27 The everlasting God is a refuge, and underneath you are his eternal arms; he has driven out enemies before you, and has said, ‘Destroy!’ 28 Israel lives in safety, the fountain of Jacob is quite secure, in a land of grain and new wine; indeed, its heavens rain down dew. 29 You have joy, Israel! Who is like you? You are a people delivered by the Lord, your protective shield and your exalted sword. May your enemies cringe before you; may you trample on their backs.”
John 1:3
New Testament
1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was fully God. 2 The Word was with God in the beginning. 3 All things were created by him, and apart from him not one thing was created that has been created. 4 In him was life, and the life was the light of mankind. 5 And the light shines on in the darkness, but the darkness has not mastered it.
Onkelos Deuteronomy 33:27
Targum
26 There is no God like the God of Israel, whose Shekinah in the skies is your help, and whose power is in the heaven of heavens. 27 The habitation of Eloha is from eternity, and the world was made by His Word; and He will drive out your enemies from before you, and will say, Destroy. 28 And Israel shall dwell securely by themselves, according to the benediction with which Jakob their father blessed them in the land producing grain and wine; the heavens also above them shall drop down with dew. 29 Happy are you, Israel; none is like to you, a people whose salvation is from the Lord, who is the strength of your help, and from whom is the might of your victory: your enemies shall be liars to you, and you shall tread upon the necks of their kings.
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Notes and References
“... apposition to the last word of verse 26 and translates verse 26 and 27 as follows: “There is no God like the God of Israel, whose Shekinah (divine presence) in heaven is for your help, and whose power is in the heaven of the heavens, the dwelling place of God, who has been since eternity, through whose word bmymrh the world was made.”—Targum Onkelos understood mittachath (from below) as a contrast to the God’s heavenly residence and accordingly interpreted umittachath zero’oth olam = “and below the world by (God’s creative) arms.” In order to avoid anthropomorphism, he then replaced the “arms of God” with “the word of God” and thus translated the final words, “Through his word the world was made.” [...] It has already been pointed out above (#2, n. b) that in the Tg. Isa. 44:24 and in the other passages just mentioned that deal with the creation of the world, that the thought of a Memra hypostasis as the mediator of the world’s creation is entirely remote. The appellative wording meimar = “word” is not only demanded by the parallel gevuretta (force), but above all by the further parallel passage in Ps 33:6, in which the targum uses milla “word” instead of mymr: By the word of Yahweh bemilla dayai, the heavens were made and by the breath of his mouth, all their hosts. ...”
Strack, Hermann L., and Paul Billerbeck
A Commentary on the New Testament from the Talmud and Midrash, Volume 2: Mark through Acts
(p. 644) Lexham Press, 2022
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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