“... 4. To the One Who Has (Mark 4.25; Q 19.26; Gospel of Thomas 41) a. Mark and Q ‘The rich get richer; the poor get poorer.’ The principle in Mark’s concluding aphorism would seem self-evident. One finds the saying earlier in Matthew’s parable sermon (Mt. 13.12) and repeated as the conclusion to the parable of the Talents (Mt. 25.29). Luke includes it in his parables chapter (Lk. 8.18) and with the Talents (Lk. 19.26). Hence, inclusion in Q is assured. [...] In reconstructing the Q original, it is more likely that Matthew’s introductory [...] is due to conflation with Mark. The Matthean [...] is added to the Markan and Q forms and is thus redactional. [...] b. The Version in Thomas Thomas’ version of the saying is found in a third context. It is preceded by the logion on the plant, not of the Father, and followed by the exhortation to ‘be wanderers’ and the comparison of the fruit and the tree. The saying displays one major stylistic variation from the synoptic versions: He who has in his hand, it shall be given to him; and he who does not have, even the little he has shall be taken away from him. The addition of ‘in his hand’ is similar to Thomas’ introduction to the parable of the Sower (logion 9) and the parable of the reaper (logion 21). This phrase, therefore, can hardly be ascribed to the oral tradition. The remaining logion is so close to either Mark or Q that a literary relationship is highly likely. A thesis of oral independence would be based only on convenience. And further, one again finds that oral tradition has not transmitted the logion independently in a consistent chain of aphorisms. ...”