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In the Gospel of Thomas, Jesus says only to be passersby and never says what to pass. Philo of Alexandria, writing decades earlier, speaks of people who think fit to pass by all earthly things, the same idea with the missing object filled in.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Philo, On the Unchangeableness of God 1:159
Classical
158 Nor therefore would he drink out of a cistern to whom God gives draughts of unmixed wine; at one time, by the ministrations of some angel whom he has thought worthy to act as cupbearer, and at another time by his own means, placing no one between the giver and the receiver. 159 Let us then, without any delay, attempt to proceed by the royal road, since we think fit to pass by all earthly things; and the royal road is that of which there is not private individual in the world who is master, but he alone who is also the only true king. 160 And this is, as I said a little while ago, wisdom, by which alone suppliant souls can find a way of escaping to the uncreate God; for it is natural that one who goes without any hindrance along the royal road, will never feel weariness before he meets with the king.
Date: 20-50 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Gospel of Thomas 1:42
Nag Hammadi
41 Jesus said, “Whoever has something in his hand will be given more; and whoever has nothing, even the little he has will be taken away.” 42 Jesus said, “Be passersby.” 43 His disciples said to him, “Who are you to say these things to us?” “You do not realize who I am from what I say to you. Yet you have become like the Jews: they love the tree but hate its fruit, or they love the fruit but hate the tree.”
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Notes and References
“... Another set of options argues for an implied object. (4) For Haenchen, for example, the implicit object is the ‘Jahrmarkt der Welt’ (the ‘fair’ of the world, ‘vanity fair’). Similarly, Meyer argues for ‘pass by the world’, that is, ‘renounce the world’. [...] The criticisms made above mean that the interpretations other than that of Haenchen and Meyer are problematic. The view which implies the sense, ‘Pass by the world’, can be supported by various parallels. Plisch has drawn attention to a passage in Philo (Imm. 159), where there is a reference to ‘those who judge it right to pass by earthly things’ (οἱ τὰ γήινα παρέρχεσθαι δικαιοῦντες). These are the people who the addressees are enjoined to be. A connection is often made to the Arabic agraphon in which the world is a bridge to be passed over (though this is perhaps closer to the Dialogue of the Saviour than to Thomas). Thus interpretation (4) is probably to be preferred, but any interpretation of such an elliptical saying will have to be tentative. ...”
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