Texts in Conversation

Hebrew Lamentations begins as an anonymous dirge over the ruined city, while the Greek adds a prologue naming Jeremiah as the weeping author. That one line turns a communal lament into a single prophet’s speech and quiets the city’s own voice.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

Lamentations 1:1

Hebrew Bible
1 א (Alef) Alas! The city once full of people now sits all alone! The prominent lady among the nations has become a widow! The princess who once ruled the provinces has become a forced laborer! 2 ב (Bet) She weeps bitterly at night; tears stream down her cheeks. She has no one to comfort her among all her lovers. All her friends have betrayed her; they have become her enemies.
Date: 5th Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

LXX Lamentations 1:1

Septuagint
1 And this happened after Israel was taken captive and Jerusalem was devastated: Jeremiah sat down weeping, and he wailed this lament over Jerusalem and said: Aleph. How the city that had been filled with people sits alone! She has become like a widow. Filled with nations, a princess among the territories has become tribute. 2 Bēth. Weeping, she wept at night, and her tears were upon her cheeks. And of all those who loved her, there was no one to comfort her. All who loved her dealt treacherously with her; they became enemies to her.
Date: 1st Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#5999
... The authoritative Daughter Zion found in the Masoretic Text Lamentations vanishes within the book’s history of consequences. She does not disappear accidentally; rather, interpreters’ use of the Septuagint’s statement of Jeremianic authorship systematically and thoroughly erases her. The Septuagint Lamentations opens with an incipit not found in the Hebrew Lamentations: “And it happened, after Israel was taken captive and Ierousalem was laid waste, that Jeremiah sat weeping and gave this lament over Jerusalem and said” (Septuagint Lamentations 1:1). Thus, the entirety of Lamentations can be taken as spoken by Jeremiah himself, and within his speech, there appears to be little room for Zion to lament. At crucial moments in the Hebrew text of Lamentations 1 and 2 (for example 1:11), where the speaker seems to transition from the narrator to Zion herself, in the Greek, the speaker could remain Jeremiah. Additionally, the dramatic opening of chapter 3, “I am the man”, fits seamlessly into the Septuagint opening of Lamentations, where the man may easily be Jeremiah, while the man’s identity remains enigmatic in the Hebrew. ...

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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