Texts in Conversation
In the Hebrew version of Jonah, the prayer ends with a declaration that rescue belongs to God alone. The Greek Septuagint translators read the same words as part of Jonah’s vow, so a statement about God becomes a promise about what Jonah will do.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Jonah 2:9
Hebrew Bible
8 Those who worship worthless idols forfeit the mercy that could be theirs. 9 But as for me, I promise to offer a sacrifice to you with a public declaration of praise; I will surely do what I have promised. Salvation belongs to the Lord!” 10 Then the Lord commanded the fish and it vomited Jonah out onto dry land.
LXX Jonah 2:10
Septuagint
9 Observing pointless and false things, they have forsaken their mercy. 10 But I, with a voice of praise, will offer confession to you; as much as I have vowed, I will repay you, the Lord of my deliverance.” 11 And he commanded the sea monster, and it cast Jonah out onto the dry land.
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Notes and References
“... The last example is in vs 10b. Two changes are made here. First, καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως (“and of thanksgiving”) is inserted after αἰνέσεως (“of praise”) creating the hendiadys αἰνέσεως καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως which commonly occurs in the Greek Psalter. Its addition does not substantially alter the meaning, but adds a pious note to Jonah’s affirmation. The second change is more dramatic. In the Masoretic Text the last two words of the Psalm are a nominal clause pronouncing that “salvation belongs to Yahweh” (יְשׁוּעָתָה לַיהוָה). The translator apparently did not observe this syntactical relationship and has made τῷ κυρίῳ (לַיהוָה) the indirect object of ἀποδώσω (אֲשַׁלֵּמָה “I will pay”) and (יְשׁוּעָתָה) an adverbial modifier: ὅσα ηὐξάμην ἀποδώσω εἰς σωτηρίαν μου τῷ κυρίῳ = “What I have vowed, I will repay for my salvation to the Lord.” In the Septuagint version, Jonah promises that he will obey the Lord because he now realizes that such obedience is the only route through which rescue will be achieved. A theological dictum is transformed into the personal promise of Jonah to the Lord and the basis for his hope. Jonah realizes (in verse 9) that “those who preserve vain things and deceits lose their mercy.” ...”
Perkins, Larry J.
The Septuagint of Jonah: Aspects of Literary Analysis Applied to Biblical Translation
(p. 50) International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, 1987
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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