Texts in Conversation
Paul cites the curse on a body hung on a tree in an unusual interpretation used to explain the crucifixion of Jesus. In Deuteronomy, this describes the corpse of an executed criminal left on display, about burial rather than a method of death.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Deuteronomy 21:23
Hebrew Bible
22 If a person commits a sin punishable by death and is executed, and you hang the corpse on a tree, 23 his body must not remain all night on the tree; instead you must make certain you bury him that same day, for the one who is left exposed on a tree is cursed by God. You must not defile your land that the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance.
Galatians 3:13
New Testament
12 But the law is not based on faith, but the one who does the works of the law will live by them. 13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us (because it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree”) 14 in order that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham would come to the Gentiles, so that we could receive the promise of the Spirit by faith.
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Notes and References
“... (4) The final quotation in this passage, the excerpt from Deuteronomy 21:23 in 3:13, would have added more fuel to the audience’s growing distrust of Paul’s handling of Scripture. A glance at the original passage would have shown them that the verse that Paul quotes here actually refers to the ancient practice of hanging the dead body of a convicted criminal on a tree for public display, not the redeeming death of a crucified Messiah. Only by extracting the verse from its original context and revising its wording can Paul claim that it refers to the death of Jesus. For an audience that was aware of the original context, the tendentiousness of such a reading would have been utterly glaring. Thus we see that an audience that was familiar with the original context of Paul’s quotations in Galatians 3:10–13 would have been led inexorably toward a point of view that was the opposite of what Paul intended. ...”
Stanley, Christopher D.
"Paul's "Use" of Scripture: Why the Audience Matters" in Porter, Stanley E.; Stanley, Christopher D. (ed.) As It Is Written: Studying Paul's Use of Scripture
(pp. 151-152) Society of Biblical Literature, 2008
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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