God forbids an idol to be made as much as to be worshiped. As much as the making of something that can be worshiped comes first, so much prior is the command that it not be made, if it is not lawful to worship it. For this reason, namely to root out the material of idolatry, the divine law proclaims, “You shall not make an idol,” and adding, “nor a likeness of the things that are in heaven and on earth and in the sea,” it has forbidden such arts to the servants of God throughout the whole world. Enoch had already predicted that the demons and the spirits of the apostate angels would turn all the elements, the whole stock of the world, whatever is contained in heaven, in the sea, and on earth, into idolatry, so that they would be consecrated as God against God. So human error worships all things except the founder of all things Himself. Their images are idols; the consecration of the images is idolatry. Whatever idolatry commits must be charged to every maker of any idol whatever. Indeed, the same Enoch condemns in advance, in his threat, both the worshipers and the makers of idols together.⁠a And again: “I swear to you, sinners, that for the day of blood and of destruction sorrow is prepared. You who serve stones, and you who make images of gold and silver and wood and stone and clay, and serve phantoms and demons and infernal spirits and all errors not according to knowledge, you will find no help from them.” And Isaiah says: “You are witnesses whether there is a God besides me. And those who fashion and carve were not then: all are vain, who make what pleases them, which will not profit them.” And then that whole utterance which curses the makers as much as the worshipers. Its close is: “Know that their heart is ash and earth, and no one can deliver his soul.” In that passage David likewise includes the makers: “Let those who make them become like them,” he says. And what more should I, a man of small memory, suggest? What more should I recall from the Scriptures? As if either the voice of the Holy Spirit were not enough, or there were still any question whether the Lord cursed and condemned the very makers of those things, first of all, whose worshipers He curses and condemns!