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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 108

1 A song, a psalm of David. I am determined, O God. I will sing and praise you with my liver3.⁠ 2 Awake, O stringed instrument and harp. I will wake up at dawn. 3 I will give you thanks before the nations, O Lord. I will sing praises to you before foreigners. 4 For your loyal love extends beyond the sky, and your faithfulness reaches the clouds. 5 Rise up above the sky, O God. May your splendor cover the whole earth. 6 Deliver by your power and answer me, so that the ones you love may be safe. 7 God has spoken in his sanctuary: “I will triumph! I will parcel out Shechem; the Valley of Sukkoth I will measure off. 8 Gilead belongs to me, as does Manasseh. Ephraim is my helmet, Judah my royal scepter. 9 Moab is my washbasin. I will make Edom serve me. I will shout in triumph over Philistia.” 10 Who will lead me into the fortified city? Who will bring me to Edom? 11 Have you not rejected us, O God? O God, you do not go into battle with our armies. 12 Give us help against the enemy, for any help men might offer is futile. 13 By God’s power we will conquer; he will trample down our enemies.

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 30:12 and Psalm 108:1

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Psalm 30 and Psalm 108 follow an ancient Near Eastern belief that the “liver” was the source of intense emotion. In the psalms, the speaker’s “liver” praises, an image found in ancient Near Eastern literature where the liver swells with laughter.

Passages

Psalm 30:12

Hebrew Bible
10 Hear, O Lord, and have mercy on me. O Lord, deliver me.” 11 Then you turned my lament into dancing; you removed my sackcloth and covered me with joy. 12 So now my liver24 will sing to you and not be silent; O Lord my God, I will always give thanks to you.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

Psalm 108:1

Hebrew Bible
1 A song, a psalm of David. I am determined, O God. I will sing and praise you with my liver3. 2 Awake, O stringed instrument and harp. I will wake up at dawn. 3 I will give you thanks before the nations, O Lord. I will sing praises to you before foreigners.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

"... Psalm 108:1 ... the Hebrew may also mean “my glory,” but this makes little sense in the context. Some view the term כָּבוֹד (kavod, “glory”) here as a metonymy for man’s inner being, but it is preferable to emend the form to כְּבֵדִי (kvedi, “my liver”). Like the heart, the liver is viewed as the seat of one’s emotions. See also Psalm 16:9; 30:12; 57:9. For an Ugaritic example of the heart/liver as the source of joy, compare “her [Anat’s] liver swelled with laughter, her heart was filled with joy, the liver of Anat with triumph" ..."
W. Hall Harris, NET Bible (Biblical Studies, 2019), 561.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 30:12 and Psalm 108:1

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