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Micah

About this book

The Lord Will Punish the Judicial Leaders

Chapter 3

1 I said, “Listen, you leaders of Jacob, you rulers of the nation of Israel!⁠ You ought to know what is just, 2 yet you hate what is good and love what is evil. You flay my people’s skin and rip the flesh from their bones.⁠ 3 You devour my people’s flesh, strip off their skin, and crush their bones. You chop them up like flesh in a pot—like meat in a kettle.

4 Someday these sinful leaders will cry to the Lord for help, but he will not answer them. He will hide his face from them at that time, because they have done such wicked deeds.”⁠

The Lord Will Punish the Religious Leaders

5 This is what the Lord has said about the prophets who mislead my people, “If someone gives them enough to eat, they offer an oracle of peace. But if someone does not give them food, they are ready to declare war on him. 6 Therefore night will fall, and you will receive no visions; it will grow dark, and you will no longer be able to read the omens. The sun will set on these prophets, and the daylight will turn to darkness over their heads.⁠ 7 The prophets will be ashamed; the omen readers will be humiliated. All of them will cover their mouths, for they will receive no divine oracles.” 8 But I am full of the courage that the Lord’s Spirit gives and have a strong commitment to justice. This enables me to confront Jacob with its rebellion and Israel with its sin.

Summary: Its Leadership Corrupt, Jerusalem Is Doomed

9 Listen to this, you leaders of the family of Jacob, you rulers of the nation of Israel! You hate justice and pervert all that is right. 10 You build Zion through bloody crimes, Jerusalem through unjust violence.⁠ 11 Her leaders take bribes when they decide legal cases, her priests proclaim rulings for profit, and her prophets read omens for pay. Yet they claim to trust the Lord and say, “The Lord is among us. Disaster will not overtake us!” 12 Therefore, because of you, Zion will be plowed up like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of ruins, and the Temple Mount will become a hill overgrown with brush!⁠

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Texts in conversation

Compare Micah 3:6 and Jonathan Micah 3:6

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

In the Hebrew version of Micah, diviners lose their visions. In the Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan, teachers are humiliated instead, avoiding recognition of divination as an acceptable source of revelation.

Passages

Micah 3:6

Hebrew Bible
5 This is what the Lord has said about the prophets who mislead my people, “If someone gives them enough to eat, they offer an oracle of peace. But if someone does not give them food, they are ready to declare war on him.6 Therefore night will fall, and you will receive no visions; it will grow dark, and you will no longer be able to read the omens. The sun will set on these prophets, and the daylight will turn to darkness over their heads.7 The prophets will be ashamed; the omen readers will be humiliated. All of them will cover their mouths, for they will receive no divine oracles.”8 But I am full of the courage that the Lord’s Spirit gives and have a strong commitment to justice. This enables me to confront Jacob with its rebellion and Israel with its sin.
740–401 BCE Read in Micah

Jonathan Micah 3:6

Targum · Targum Jonathan to the Prophets
5 The Lord says this about the false prophets who mislead My people. For someone who feeds them a feast of meat, they prophesy peace. Against someone who does not feed them, they prepare war.6 So you will be ashamed to prophesy and humiliated to teach. Trouble like darkness will cover the false prophets, and their time will grow dark.7 The false prophets will be ashamed, and the teachers humiliated. All will cover their upper lips like mourners, for they have no spirit of prophecy from the Lord.8 But I am filled with the strength of the prophetic spirit from the Lord, with true judgment and courage, to tell Jacob his offenses and Israel his sins.

References

“... MT “Therefore it shall be night for you—without vision, darkness for you—without divination.” (Read h’sekah for MT has‘kah.) It is not surprising that 7g. avoids any mention of divination, which was already regarded with suspicion in biblical times. Cf. Deut 18:10-14; | Sam 15:23; 2 Kgs 17:17. The apparent recognition of the status of divination by the prophet Micah is surprising, but see the remarks by Allen, The Book of Micah 313. Cf. also the commentary on 3:11 (note 24). ...”
Kevin J. Cathcart and Robert P. Gordon, The Targum of the Minor Prophets, ArBib 14 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1989), 118.

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Micah 3:6 and Jonathan Micah 3:6

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