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About this book

Matthew

About this book
Chapter 10

1 Jesus called his 12 disciples and gave them authority over unclean spirits so they could cast them out and heal every kind of disease and sickness.

2 Now these are the names of the 12 apostles: first, Simon, called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James son of Zebedee and John his brother; 3 Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; 4 Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him.

Instructions for the Mission

5 Jesus sent out these 12, instructing them as follows: “Do not go on a road that leads to Gentile regions and do not enter any Samaritan town. 6 Go instead to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7 As you go, preach this message: ‘The kingdom of heaven is near!’ 8 Heal the sick,⁠ raise the dead,⁠ cleanse lepers, cast out demons. Freely you received, freely give.⁠ 9 Do not take gold, silver, or copper in your belts; 10 no bag for the journey; or an extra tunic, or sandals or staff; for the worker deserves his provisions.

11 “Whenever you enter a town or village, find out who is worthy there and stay with them until you leave. 12 As you enter the house, greet those within it. 13 And if the house is worthy, let your peace come on it, but if it is not worthy, let your peace return to you. 14 And if anyone will not welcome you or listen to your message, shake the dust off your feet as you leave that house or that town. 15 I tell you the truth, it will be more bearable for the region of Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town!

Persecution and Its Response

16 “I am sending you out like sheep surrounded by wolves,⁠ so be wise as serpents and innocent as doves.⁠ 17 Beware of people, because they will hand you over to councils and flog you in their synagogues. 18 And you will be brought before governors and kings because of me, as a witness to them and to the Gentiles.⁠ 19 Whenever they hand you over for trial, do not worry about how to speak or what to say, for what you should say will be given to you at that time. 20 For it is not you speaking, but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you.

21 “Brother will hand over brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rise against parents and have them put to death.⁠ 22 And you will be hated by everyone because of my name. But the one who endures to the end will be saved!⁠ 23 Whenever they persecute you in one town, flee to another! I tell you the truth, you will not finish going through all the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes.

24 “A disciple is not greater than his teacher, nor a slave greater than his master. 25 It is enough for the disciple to become like his teacher, and the slave like his master. If they have called the head of the house ‘Beelzebul,’ how much worse will they call the members of his household!⁠

26 “Do not be afraid of them, for nothing is hidden that will not be revealed, and nothing is secret that will not be made known. 27 What I say to you in the dark, tell in the light, and what is whispered in your ear, proclaim from the housetops. 28 Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.⁠ 29 Aren’t two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them falls to the ground apart from your Father’s will.⁠ 30 Even all the hairs on your head are numbered. 31 So do not be afraid; you are more valuable than many sparrows.

32 “Whoever, then, acknowledges me before people, I will acknowledge before my Father in heaven.⁠ 33 But whoever denies me before people, I will deny him also before my Father in heaven.⁠

34 “Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I have not come to bring peace but a sword!⁠ 35 For I have come to set a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law,⁠ 36 and a man’s enemies will be the members of his household.

37 “Whoever loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me, and whoever loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me.⁠ 38 And whoever does not take up his cross and follow me is not worthy of me. 39 Whoever finds his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life because of me will find it.⁠

40 “Whoever receives you receives me, and whoever receives me receives the one who sent me.⁠ 41 Whoever receives a prophet in the name of a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward. Whoever receives a righteous person in the name of a righteous person will receive a righteous person’s reward. 42 And whoever gives only a cup of cold water to one of these little ones in the name of a disciple, I tell you the truth, he will never lose his reward.”⁠

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Texts in conversation

Compare Matthew 7:22-23 and Matthew 10:33 and Against Novatian 7

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

In Matthew, Jesus warns that he will deny those who deny him. The author of Against Novatian places this rejection at the final judgment, arguing that Christians who denied Jesus can otherwise still repent and return to the community.

Passages

Matthew 7:22-23

New Testament
21 “Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter into the kingdom of heaven—only the one who does the will of my Father in heaven. 22 On that day, many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, didn’t we prophesy in your name, and cast out demons in your name, and do many powerful deeds in your name?’ 23 Then I will declare to them, ‘I never knew you. Go away from me, you lawbreakers!’

Matthew 10:33

New Testament
28 Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. 29 Aren’t two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them falls to the ground apart from your Father’s will. 30 Even all the hairs on your head are numbered. 31 So do not be afraid; you are more valuable than many sparrows.32 “Whoever, then, acknowledges me before people, I will acknowledge before my Father in heaven. 33 But whoever denies me before people, I will deny him also before my Father in heaven.

Against Novatian 7

Early Christian · Ad Novatianum
7 See how glorious and dear to the Lord are the people whom these schismatics do not hesitate to call wood, hay, and stubble. They presume that others like them, still bearing the same guilt for denying their faith, must not be allowed to repent. They base this judgment on the Lord’s saying, “Whoever denies me before others, I will deny before my Father in heaven.” How distressing! Why do they oppose the Lord’s commands, so that this offspring of Novatian, following his father the devil’s example, tries to carry out what Christ will do at the time of His judgment? For Scripture says, “Vengeance is mine, and I will repay,” says the Lord.8 We will answer them about the Lord’s saying, which they misunderstand and misinterpret. For when He says, “Whoever denies me before others, I will also deny before my Father in heaven,” He certainly refers to the future, when the Lord will begin to judge people’s secrets, when we must all stand before Christ’s judgment seat, when many will begin to say, “Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in Your name, and in Your name cast out demons, and in Your name done many wonderful works?” Yet they will hear the voice of the Lord saying, “Leave me, all of you who have practiced evil. I do not know you.” Then His saying will be fulfilled, “I will also deny them.”

References

“... The other hermeneutical error with which the anonymous author charges Novatian is failure to ask what Matthew 10:33 means (Ad Nov. 7.1–8.6; 12.2). Novatian read Matthew 10:33 as a transparent text, and applied it without question to the situation of the lapsed in relation to the Church in his own time. The anonymous author again uses the rule of the larger context to interpret Matthew 10:33. He first raises the question of the time to which the text refers, and argues that it does not refer to the present time, but to the future, final judgment depicted in Matthew 7:22–3. He supports his point by asking the Novatians, ‘Whom of those who left or denied the Lord while he was still here did the Lord deny?’, and then cites the telling case of Peter (AdNov.7.1–8.6). ...”
Ronald E. Heine, “Articulating Identity,” in The Cambridge History of Early Christian Literature, ed. Frances Young, Lewis Ayres, and Andrew Louth (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 217.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Matthew 7:22-23 and Matthew 10:33 and Against Novatian 7

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