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LXX Leviticus

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 10

1 And the two sons of Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, took each his censer, and put fire in it, and threw incense on it, and offered strange fire before the Lord, which the Lord did not command them, 2 and fire came forth from the Lord, and devoured them, and they died before the Lord. 3 And Moses said to Aaron, This is the thing which the Lord spoke, saying, I will be sanctified among those who draw near to me, and I will be glorified in the whole congregation; and Aaron was pricked in his heart. 4 And Moses called Mishael, and Elzaphan, sons of Uzziel, sons of the brother of Aaron's father, and said to them, Draw near and take your relatives from before the sanctuary out of the camp. 5 And they came near and took them in their coats out of the camp, as Moses said. 6 And Moses said to Aaron, and Eleazar and Ithamar his sons that were left, You shall not make bare your heads, and you shall not tear your garments; that you may not die, and so there should be fierce anger on all the congregation: but your brothers, even all the house of Israel, shall lament for the burning, with which they were burnt by the Lord. 7 And you shall not go forth from the door of the tabernacle of witness, that you may not die; for the Lord's anointing oil is upon you: and they did according to the word of Moses. 8 And the Lord spoke to Aaron, saying, 9 You shall not drink wine nor strong drink, you and your sons with you, whenever you enter into the tabernacle of witness,⁠ or when you approach the altar, so you shall not die; it is a perpetual statute for your generations, 10 to distinguish between sacred and profane, and between clean and unclean, 11 and to teach the children of Israel all the statutes, which the Lord spoke to them by Moses. 12 And Moses said to Aaron, and to Eleazar and Ithamar, the sons of Aaron who survived, Take the sacrifice that is left of the burnt offerings of the Lord, and you shall eat unleavened bread by the altar: it is most holy. 13 And you shall eat it in the holy place; for this is a statute for you and a statute for your sons, of the burnt offerings to the Lord; for so it has been commanded me. 14 And you shall eat the breast of separation, and the shoulder of the choice-offering in the holy place, you and your sons and your house with you; for it has been given as an ordinance for you and an ordinance for your sons, of the sacrifices of peace-offering of the children of Israel. 15 They shall bring the shoulder of the choice-offering, and the breast of the separation upon the burnt offerings of the fat, to separate for a separation before the Lord; and it shall be a perpetual ordinance for you and your sons and your daughters with you, as the Lord commanded Moses. 16 And Moses diligently sought the goat of the sin-offering, but it had been consumed by fire; and Moses was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar the sons of Aaron that were left, saying, 17 Why did you not eat the sin-offering in the holy place? for because it is most holy he has given you this to eat, that you might take away the sin of the congregation, and make atonement for them before the Lord. 18 For the blood of it was not brought into the holy place: you shall eat it within, in front, in a holy place, as the Lord commanded me. 19 And Aaron spoke to Moses, saying, If they have brought near today their sin-offerings, and their whole burnt offerings before the Lord, and these events have happened to me, and yet I should eat today of the sin-offerings, would it be pleasing to the Lord? 20 And Moses heard it, and it pleased him.

Texts in conversation

Compare Leviticus 10:9 and LXX Leviticus 10:9

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Leviticus 10 warns priests to not drink alcohol when entering the Tent of Meeting. The Greek Septuagint translation adds an extra requirement, likely to harmonize this account with a similar one in Exodus.

Passages

Leviticus 10:9

Hebrew Bible
8 Then the Lord spoke to Aaron, 9 “Do not drink wine or strong drink, you and your sons with you, when you enter into the Meeting Tent, so that you do not die. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations, 10 as well as to distinguish between the holy and the common, and between the unclean and the clean,
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Leviticus

LXX Leviticus 10:9

Septuagint
8 And the Lord spoke to Aaron, saying, 9 You shall not drink wine nor strong drink, you and your sons with you, whenever you enter into the tabernacle of witness, or when you approach the altar, so you shall not die; it is a perpetual statute for your generations, 10 to distinguish between sacred and profane, and between clean and unclean,
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Leviticus

References

"... we record cases in which scribes adapted elements in the text to other details appearing either in the same verse or in the immediate or remote context. The decision regarding whether or not a certain detail reflects a harmonization to another verse is always subjective since it is never certain that this thought process indeed took place. Likewise, it is equally subjective to decide that the Septuagint and Samaritan Pentateuch agree against the Masoretic text because sometimes secondary developments took place independently in both sources, such as the change from singular to plural or vice versa ... by definition, all harmonizing additions represent secondary developments. They were made in order to adapt one context to another one. /However, the fullness of the wording is often artificial and, in some cases, the additions are clearly secondary, a feature that is more recognizable in Genesis and Deuteronomy than in Leviticus ... This verse in the Septuagint of Leviticus 10:9 exemplifies the expertise of the scribe/editor who remembered the parallel verse in Exodus in which the approaching of the Tent of Meeting was mentioned together with the nearing of the altar with similar implications of danger ..."
Emanuel Tov, “Textual Harmonization in Leviticus,” in The Text of Leviticus: Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute, ed. Innocent Himbaza (Leuven: Peeters, 2020), 13–38.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Leviticus 10:9 and LXX Leviticus 10:9

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