Chronological timeline of texts tagged with Septuagint Additions
About This Tag
The various Septuagint translators sometimes added new details into their translation that were not present in their Hebrew source text, or possibly had access to a Hebrew source text that modern translators do not. These additions could expand descriptions, clarify narratives, or reinforce theological themes, reflecting interpretive traditions or contemporary beliefs. Such changes suggest that the translators were not only translating but also engaging in a form of interpretation and commentary, shaping the text to align with the cultural and religious context of their Greek speaking Jewish audience.
Note: Dates shown in this timeline are approximate and based on scholarly estimates.
Back to TagGenesis 1:9 / LXX Genesis 1:9
750–400 BCE
Genesis 1:9
Hebrew Bible
8 God called the expanse “sky.” There was evening, and there was morning, a second day. 9 God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place and let dry ground appear.” It was so. 10 God called the dry ground “land” and the gathered waters he called “seas.” God saw that it was good.
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 1:9
Septuagint
8 And God called the firmament Heaven, and God saw that it was good, and there was evening and there was morning, the second day. 9 And God said, Let the water which is under the heaven be collected into one place, and let the dry land appear, and it was so. And the water which was under the heaven was collected into its places, and the dry land appeared. 10 And God called the dry land Earth, and the gatherings of the waters he called Seas, and God saw that it was good.
750–400 BCE
Genesis 1:28
Hebrew Bible
27 God created humankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them, male and female he created them. 28 God blessed them and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply! Fill the earth and subdue it! Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and every creature that moves on the ground.” 29 Then God said, “I now give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the entire earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food.
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 1:28
Septuagint
27 And God made man, according to the image of God he made him, male and female he made them. 28 And God blessed them, saying, Increase and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it, and have dominion over the fish of the sea and flying creatures of heaven, and all the cattle and all the earth, and all the reptiles that creep on the earth. 29 And God said, Look, I have given to you every seed-bearing herb sowing seed which is upon all the earth, and every tree which has in itself the fruit of seed that is sown, to you it shall be for food.
750–400 BCE
Genesis 10:2
Hebrew Bible
1 This is the account of Noah’s sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. Sons were born to them after the flood. 2 The sons of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. 3 The sons of Gomer were Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. 4 The sons of Javan were Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim, and the Dodanim.
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 10:2
Septuagint
1 Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, Japheth; and sons were born to them after the flood. 2 The sons of Japheth, Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Elishah, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras. 3 And the sons of Gomer, Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah. 4 And the sons of Javan, Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, Rhodians.
750–400 BCE
Genesis 12:20
Hebrew Bible
18 So Pharaoh summoned Abram and said, “What is this you have done to me? Why didn’t you tell me that she was your wife? 19 Why did you say, ‘She is my sister,’ so that I took her to be my wife? Now, here is your wife. Take her and go!” 20 Pharaoh gave his men orders about Abram, and so they expelled him, along with his wife and all his possessions.
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 12:20
Septuagint
18 And Pharaoh having called Abram, said, What is this you have done to me, that you did not tell me that she was your wife? 19 Why did you say, She is my sister? and I took her for a wife to myself; and now, look, your wife is before you, take her and go quickly away. 20 And Pharaoh gave charge to men concerning Abram, to join in sending him forward, and his wife, and all that he had, and Lot with him.
750–400 BCE
Genesis 20:2
Hebrew Bible
1 Abraham journeyed from there to the Negev region and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he lived as a temporary resident in Gerar, 2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.” So Abimelech, king of Gerar, sent for Sarah and took her. 3 But God appeared to Abimelech in a dream at night and said to him, “You are as good as dead because of the woman you have taken, for she is someone else’s wife.”
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 20:2
Septuagint
1 And Abraham removed from there to the southern country, and lived between Kadesh and Shur, and stayed in Gerar. 2 And Abraham said concerning Sarah his wife, She is my sister, for he feared to say, She is my wife, for fear that at any time the men of the city should kill him for her sake. So Abimelech king of Gerar sent and took Sarah. 3 And God came to Abimelech by night in sleep, and said, Look, you die for the woman, whom you have taken, whereas she has lived with a husband.
750–400 BCE
Genesis 31:16
Hebrew Bible
15 Hasn’t he treated us like foreigners? He not only sold us, but completely wasted the money paid for us! 16 Surely all the wealth that God snatched away from our father belongs to us and to our children. So now do everything God has told you.” 17 So Jacob immediately put his children and his wives on the camels.
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 31:16
Septuagint
15 Are we not considered strangers by him? for he has sold us, and quite devoured our money. 16 All the wealth and the glory which God has taken from our father, it shall be ours and our children's; now then do whatever God has said to you. 17 And Jacob arose and took his wives and his children up on the camels;
750–400 BCE
Genesis 35:4
Hebrew Bible
3 Let us go up at once to Bethel. Then I will make an altar there to God, who responded to me in my time of distress and has been with me wherever I went.” 4 So they gave Jacob all the foreign gods that were in their possession and the rings that were in their ears. Jacob buried them under the oak near Shechem 5 and they started on their journey. The surrounding cities were afraid of God, and they did not pursue the sons of Jacob.
300–201 BCE
LXX Genesis 35:4
Septuagint
3 And let us rise and go up to Bethel, and let us there make an altar to God who listened to me in the day of calamity, who was with me, and preserved me throughout in the journey, by which I went. 4 And they gave to Jacob the strange gods, which were in their hands, and the ear-rings which were in their ears, and Jacob hid them under the turpentine tree which is in Shechem, and destroyed them to this day. 5 So Israel departed from Shechem, and the fear of God was upon the cities all around them, and they did not pursue after the children of Israel.
750–400 BCE
Exodus 1:11
Hebrew Bible
10 Come, let’s deal wisely with them. Otherwise they will continue to multiply, and if a war breaks out, they will ally themselves with our enemies and fight against us and leave the country.” 11 So they put foremen over the Israelites to oppress them with hard labor. As a result they built Pithom and Rameses as store cities for Pharaoh. 12 But the more the Egyptians oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread. As a result the Egyptians loathed the Israelites,
300–201 BCE
LXX Exodus 1:11
Septuagint
10 come then, let us deal craftily with them, for fear that at any time they be increased, and whenever war shall happen to us, these also shall be added to our enemies, and having prevailed against us in war, they will depart out of the land. 11 And he set over them taskmasters, who should afflict them in their works; and they built strong cities for Pharaoh, both Pithom, and Rameses, and On, which is Heliopolis. 12 But as they humbled them, by so much they multiplied, and grew exceedingly strong; and the Egyptians greatly abhorred the children of Israel.
750–400 BCE
Exodus 12:40
Hebrew Bible
38 A mixed multitude also went up with them, and flocks and herds—a very large number of cattle. 39 They baked cakes of bread without yeast using the dough they had brought from Egypt, for it was made without yeast. Because they were thrust out of Egypt and were not able to delay, they could not prepare food for themselves either. 40 Now the length of time the Israelites lived in Egypt was 430 years. 41 At the end of the 430 years, on the very day, all the regiments of the Lord went out of the land of Egypt. 42 It was a night of vigil for the Lord to bring them out from the land of Egypt, and so on this night all Israel is to keep the vigil to the Lord for generations to come.
300–201 BCE
LXX Exodus 12:40
Septuagint
38 And a great mixed company went up with them, and sheep and oxen and very much cattle. 39 And they baked the dough which they brought out of Egypt, unleavened cakes, for it had not been leavened; for the Egyptians cast them out, and they could not remain, neither did they prepare provision for themselves for the journey. 40 And the stay of the children of Israel, while they stayed in the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan, was four hundred and thirty years. 41 And it happened after the four hundred and thirty years, all the forces of the Lord came forth out of the land of Egypt. 42 It is a night watch kept to the Lord, so that he should bring them out of the land of Egypt; that very night is a watch kept to the Lord, so that it should be to all the children of Israel to their generations.
750–400 BCE
Exodus 22:5
Hebrew Bible
4 If the stolen item should in fact be found alive in his possession, whether it be an ox or a donkey or a sheep, he must pay back double. 5 “If a man grazes his livestock in a field or a vineyard and he lets the livestock loose and they graze in the field of another man, he must make restitution from the best of his own field and the best of his own vineyard. 6 “If a fire breaks out and spreads to thorn bushes, so that stacked grain or standing grain or the whole field is consumed, the one who started the fire must surely make restitution.
300–201 BCE
LXX Exodus 22:4
Septuagint
3 And if he is caught and the thing stolen is found in his hand alive, whether donkey or sheep, he shall restore them twofold. 4 And if any one should feed down a field or a vineyard, and should send in his beast to feed down another field, he shall make compensation of his own field according to his produce; and if he shall have fed down the whole field, he shall pay for compensation the best of his own field and the best of his vineyard. 5 And if fire has gone forth and caught thorns, and should also set on fire threshing-floors or ears of grain or a field, he that kindled the fire shall make compensation.
750–400 BCE
Leviticus 10:9
Hebrew Bible
8 Then the Lord spoke to Aaron, 9 “Do not drink wine or strong drink, you and your sons with you, when you enter into the Meeting Tent, so that you do not die. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations, 10 as well as to distinguish between the holy and the common, and between the unclean and the clean,
300–201 BCE
LXX Leviticus 10:9
Septuagint
8 And the Lord spoke to Aaron, saying, 9 You shall not drink wine nor strong drink, you and your sons with you, whenever you enter into the tabernacle of witness, or when you approach the altar, so you shall not die; it is a perpetual statute for your generations, 10 to distinguish between sacred and profane, and between clean and unclean,
750–400 BCE
Leviticus 11:40
Hebrew Bible
39 “‘Now if an animal that you may eat dies, whoever touches its carcass will be unclean until the evening. 40 One who eats from its carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening, and whoever carries its carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. 41 Every swarming thing that swarms on the land is detestable; it must not be eaten.
300–201 BCE
LXX Leviticus 11:40
Septuagint
39 And if one of the cattle die, which it is lawful for you to eat, he that touches their carcasses shall be unclean till evening. 40 And he that eats of their carcasses shall wash his garments, and be unclean till evening; and he that carries any of their carcasses shall wash his garments, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean till evening. 41 And every reptile that creeps on the earth, this shall be an abomination to you; it shall not be eaten.
750–400 BCE
Leviticus 17:4
Hebrew Bible
2 “Speak to Aaron, his sons, and all the Israelites, and tell them, ‘This is the word that the Lord has commanded, 3 “Blood guilt will be accounted to any man from the house of Israel who slaughters an ox or a lamb or a goat inside the camp or outside the camp, 4 but has not brought it to the entrance of the Meeting Tent to present it as an offering to the Lord before the tabernacle of the Lord. He has shed blood, so that man will be cut off from the midst of his people. 5 This is so that the Israelites will bring their sacrifices that they are sacrificing in the open field to the Lord at the entrance of the Meeting Tent—to the priest—and sacrifice them there as peace-offering sacrifices to the Lord.
300–201 BCE
LXX Leviticus 17:4
Septuagint
2 Speak to Aaron and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and you shall say to them, This is the word which the Lord has commanded, saying, 3 Every man of the children of Israel, or of the strangers dwelling among you, who shall kill a calf, or a sheep, or a goat in the camp, or who shall kill it out of the camp, 4 and shall not bring it to the door of the tabernacle of witness, so as to sacrifice it for a whole burnt offering or peace-offering to the Lord to be acceptable for a sweet smelling aroma: and whoever shall kill it outside, and shall not bring it to the door of the tabernacle of witness, so as to offer it as a gift to the Lord before the tabernacle of the Lord; blood shall be imputed to that man, he has shed blood; that soul shall be cut off from his people. 5 That the children of Israel may offer their sacrifices, all that they shall kill in the fields, and bring them to the Lord to the doors of the tabernacle of witness to the priest, and they shall sacrifice them as a peace-offering to the Lord.
750–400 BCE
Leviticus 21:13
Hebrew Bible
12 He must not go out from the sanctuary and must not profane the sanctuary of his God, because the dedication of the anointing oil of his God is on him. I am the Lord. 13 He must take a wife who is a virgin. 14 He must not marry a widow, a divorced woman, or one profaned by prostitution; he may only take a virgin from his people as a wife,
300–201 BCE
LXX Leviticus 21:13
Septuagint
12 And he shall not go forth out of the sanctuary, and he shall not profane the sanctuary of his God, because the holy anointing oil of God is upon him: I am the Lord. 13 He shall take for a wife a virgin of his own tribe. 14 But a widow, or one that is put away, or profaned, or a harlot, these he shall not take; but he shall take for a wife a virgin of his own people.
20–50 CE
Philo, The Special Laws 1.110
Classical
110 And besides these commands, he also defined precisely the family of the women who might be married by the high priest, commanding him to marry not merely a woman who was a virgin, but also one who was a priestess, the daughter of a priest, so that both bridegroom and bride might be of one house, and in a sense of one blood, and so display a most lasting harmony and union of disposition during the whole of their lives.
750–400 BCE
Numbers 4:14
Hebrew Bible
12 Then they must take all the utensils of the service, with which they serve in the sanctuary, put them in a blue cloth, cover them with a covering of fine leather, and put them on a carrying beam. 13 Also, they must take away the ashes from the altar and spread a purple cloth over it. 14 Then they must place on it all its implements with which they serve there—the trays, the meat forks, the shovels, the basins, and all the utensils of the altar—and they must spread on it a covering of fine leather, and then insert its poles. 15 “When Aaron and his sons have finished covering the sanctuary and all the furnishings of the sanctuary, when the camp is ready to journey, then the Kohathites will come to carry them; but they must not touch any holy thing, or they will die. These are the responsibilities of the Kohathites with the tent of meeting.
300–201 BCE
LXX Numbers 4:14
Septuagint
12 And they shall take all the instruments of service, with which they minister in the sanctuary: and shall place them in a cloth of blue, and shall cover them with blue skin covering, and put them upon carrying poles. 13 And he shall put the covering on the altar, and they shall cover it with a cloth all of purple. 14 And they shall put upon it all the vessels with which they minister upon it, and the fire-pans, and the flesh hooks, and the cups, and the cover, and all the vessels of the altar; and they shall put on it a blue cover of skins, and shall put in its carrying poles; and they shall take a purple cloth, and cover the laver and its foot, and they shall put it into a blue cover of skin, and put it on bars. 15 And Aaron and his sons shall finish covering the holy things, and all the holy vessels, when the camp begins to move; and afterwards the sons of Kohath shall go in to take up the furniture; but shall not touch the holy things, for fear that they might die: the sons of Kohath will carry these in the tabernacle of witness.
750–400 BCE
Numbers 24:23
Hebrew Bible
22 Nevertheless the Kenite will be consumed. How long will Asshur take you away captive?” 23 Then he uttered this oracle: “O, who will survive when God does this! 24 Ships will come from the coast of Kittim, and will afflict Asshur, and will afflict Eber, and he will also perish forever.”
300–201 BCE
LXX Numbers 24:23
Septuagint
22 and though Beor should have a skillfully contrived hiding-place, the Assyrians shall carry you away captive. 23 And he looked upon Og, and took up his parable and said, Oh, oh, who shall live, when God shall do these things? 24 And one shall come forth from the hands of the Kittim, and they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict the Hebrews, and they shall perish together.
750–400 BCE
Deuteronomy 6:3
Hebrew Bible
1 Now these are the commandments, statutes, and ordinances that the Lord your God instructed me to teach you so that you may carry them out in the land where you are headed 2 and that you may so revere the Lord your God that you will keep all his statutes and commandments that I am giving you—you, your children, and your grandchildren—all your lives, to prolong your days. 3 Pay attention, Israel, and be careful to do this so that it may go well with you and that you may increase greatly in number—as the Lord, the God of your ancestors, said to you, you will have a land flowing with milk and honey. 4 Hear, O Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord is one! 5 You must love the Lord your God with your whole mind, your whole being, and all your strength.
300–201 BCE
LXX Deuteronomy 6:3
Septuagint
1 And these are the commands, and the ordinances, and the judgments, as many as the Lord our God gave commandment to teach you to do so in the land on which you enter to inherit it. 2 That you may fear the Lord your God, to keep all his ordinances, and his commandments, which I command you today, you, and your sons, and your sons' sons, all the days of your life, that you may live many days. 3 Hear, therefore, Israel, and observe to do them, that it may be well with you, and that you may be greatly multiplied, as the Lord God of your fathers said that he would give you a land flowing with milk and honey. 4 And these are the ordinances, and the judgments, which the Lord commanded the children of Israel in the wilderness, when they had gone forth from the land of Egypt. Hear, Israel, The Lord our God is one Lord. 5 And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and all your strength.
750–400 BCE
Deuteronomy 23:17
Hebrew Bible
15 You must not return an escaped slave to his master when he has run away to you. 16 Indeed, he may live among you in any place he chooses, in whichever of your villages he prefers; you must not oppress him. 17 There must never be a sacred prostitute among the young women of Israel nor a sacred male prostitute among the young men of Israel. 18 You must never bring the pay of a female prostitute or the wage of a dog30, a male prostitute, into the temple of the Lord your God in fulfillment of any vow, for both of these are abhorrent to the Lord your God. 19 You must not charge interest on a loan to your fellow Israelite, whether on money, food, or anything else that has been loaned with interest.
300–201 BCE
LXX Deuteronomy 23:18
Septuagint
16 You shall not deliver a servant to his master, who coming from his master attaches himself to you. 17 He shall dwell with you, he shall dwell among you where he shall please; you shall not afflict him. 18 There shall not be a harlot of the daughters of Israel, and there shall not be a fornicator of the sons of Israel; there shall not be a performer of mystery rites of the daughters of Israel, and there shall not be an initiated person of the sons of Israel. 19 You shall not bring the hire of a harlot, nor the price of a dog into the house of the Lord your God, for any vow; because even both are an abomination to the Lord your God. 20 You shall not lend to your brother on interest of silver, or interest of food, or interest of any thing which you may lend out.
750–400 BCE
Deuteronomy 34:8
Hebrew Bible
7 Moses was 120 years old when he died, but his eye was not dull nor had his vitality departed. 8 The Israelites mourned for Moses in the rift valley plains of Moab for thirty days; then the days of mourning for Moses ended. 9 Now Joshua son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom, for Moses had placed his hands on him; and the Israelites listened to him and did just what the Lord had commanded Moses.
300–201 BCE
LXX Deuteronomy 34:8
Septuagint
7 And Moses was one hundred and twenty years old at his death; his eyes were not dimmed, nor were his natural powers destroyed. 8 And the children of Israel wept for Moses in Arabah of Moab at Jordan near Jericho thirty days; and the days of the sad mourning for Moses were completed. 9 And Joshua the son of Nun was filled with the spirit of knowledge, for Moses had laid his hands upon him; and the children of Israel listened to him; and they did as the Lord commanded Moses.
740–450 BCE
Isaiah 3:25
Hebrew Bible
24 A putrid stench will replace the smell of spices, a rope will replace a belt, baldness will replace braided locks of hair, a sackcloth garment will replace a fine robe, and a prisoner’s brand will replace beauty. 25 Your men will fall by the sword, your strong men will die in battle. 26 Her gates will mourn and lament; deprived of her people, she will sit on the ground.
100–1 BCE
LXX Isaiah 3:25
Septuagint
24 And there shall be instead of a sweet smell, dust; and instead of a belt, you shall bind yourself with a rope; and instead of a golden ornament for the head, you shall have baldness on account of your works; and instead of a tunic with a scarlet ground, you shall wrap yourself in sackcloth. 25 And your most beautiful son whom you love shall fall by the sword; and your mighty men shall fall by the sword. 26 And they shall be brought low, and the stores of your ornaments shall mourn, and you shall be left alone, and shall be leveled with the ground.
740–450 BCE
Isaiah 16:12
Hebrew Bible
11 So my heart constantly sighs for Moab, like the strumming of a harp, my inner being sighs for Kir Hareseth. 12 When the Moabites plead with all their might at their high places and enter their temples to pray, their prayers will be ineffective. 13 This is the message the Lord previously announced about Moab.
100–1 BCE
LXX Isaiah 16:12
Septuagint
11 Therefore my belly shall sound as a harp for Moab, and you have repaired my inward parts as a wall. 12 And it shall be to your shame, (for Moab is wearied at the altars,) that he shall go in to her idols to pray, but they shall not be at all able to deliver him. 13 This is the word which the Lord spoke against Moab, when he spoke.
740–450 BCE
Isaiah 26:10
Hebrew Bible
8 Yes, as your judgments unfold, O Lord, we wait for you. We desire your fame and reputation to grow. 9 I look for you during the night; my spirit within me seeks you at dawn; for when your judgments come upon the earth, those who live in the world learn about justice. 10 If the wicked are shown mercy, they do not learn about justice. Even in a land where right is rewarded, they act unjustly; they do not see the Lord’s majesty revealed. 11 O Lord, you are ready to act, but they don’t even notice. They will see and be put to shame by your angry judgment against humankind; yes, fire will consume your enemies. 12 O Lord, you make us secure, for even all we have accomplished you have done for us.
100–1 BCE
LXX Isaiah 26:10
Septuagint
8 For the way of the Lord is judgment: we have hoped in your name, and on the remembrance 9 which our soul longs for: my spirit seeks you very early in the morning, God, for your commandments are a light on the earth: learn righteousness, you that dwell upon the earth. 10 For the ungodly one is put down: he shall not learn righteousness on the earth, he shall not do the truth: let the ungodly be taken away, that he may not see the glory of the Lord. 11 Lord, your arm is exalted, yet they did not know it: but when they know they shall be ashamed: jealousy shall seize upon an untaught nation, and now fire shall devour the adversaries. 12 Lord our God, give us peace: for you have rendered to us all things.
740–450 BCE
Isaiah 65:3
Hebrew Bible
1 “I made myself available to those who did not ask for me; I appeared to those who did not look for me. I said, ‘Here I am! Here I am!’ to a nation that did not invoke my name. 2 I spread out my hands all day long to my rebellious people, who lived in a way that is morally unacceptable and who did what they desired. 3 These people continually and blatantly offend me as they sacrifice in their sacred orchards and burn incense on brick altars. 4 They sit among the tombs and keep watch all night long. They eat pork and broth from unclean sacrificial meat is in their pans. 5 They say, ‘Keep to yourself! Don’t get near me, for I am holier than you!’ These people are like smoke in my nostrils, like a fire that keeps burning all day long.
100–1 BCE
LXX Isaiah 65:3
Septuagint
1 I became manifest to those who did not seek me; I was found by those who did not ask for me: I said, Look, I am here, to a nation, who did not call on my name. 2 I have stretched forth my hands all day to a disobedient and gainsaying people, to those who did not walk in a true way, but after their sins. 3 This is the people that provokes me continually in my presence; they offer sacrifices in gardens, and burn incense on bricks to demons, which do not exist. 4 They lie down to sleep in the tombs and in the caves for the sake of dreams, even they that eat swine's flesh, and the broth of their sacrifices: all their vessels are defiled: 5 who say, Depart from me, do not draw near to me, for I am pure. This is the smoke of my fierce anger, a fire burns with it continually.
600–501 BCE
Joshua 8:29
Hebrew Bible
28 Joshua burned Ai and made it a permanently uninhabited mound (it remains that way to this very day). 29 He hung the king of Ai on a tree, leaving him exposed until evening. At sunset Joshua ordered that his corpse be taken down from the tree. They threw it down at the entrance of the city gate and erected over it a large pile of stones (it remains to this very day). 30 Then Joshua built an altar for the Lord God of Israel on Mount Ebal,
200–101 BCE
LXX Joshua 8:29
Septuagint
28 And Joshua burnt the city with fire: he made it an uninhabited heap for ever, even to this day. 29 And he hanged the king of Ai on a forked tree; and he remained on the tree till evening: and when the sun went down, Joshua gave charge, and they took down his body from the tree, and cast it into a pit, and they set over him a heap of stones until this day.
600–501 BCE
Joshua 13:2
Hebrew Bible
1 When Joshua was very old, the Lord told him, “You are very old, and a great deal of land remains to be conquered. 2 This is the land that remains: all the territory of the Philistines and all the Geshurites, 3 from the Shihor River east of Egypt northward to the territory of Ekron (it is regarded as Canaanite territory), including the area belonging to the five Philistine lords who ruled in Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron, as well as Avvite land
200–101 BCE
LXX Joshua 13:2
Septuagint
1 And Joshua was old and advanced in years; and the Lord said to Joshua, You are advanced in years, and there is much land left to inherit. 2 And this is the land that is left: the borders of the Philistines, the Geshurite, and the Canaanite, 3 from the wilderness before Egypt, as far as the borders of Ekron on the left of the Canaanites the land is reckoned to the five principalities of the Philistines, to the inhabitant of Gaza, and of Ashdod, and of Ashkelon, and of Gath, and of Ekron, and to the Hivite;
600–501 BCE
Joshua 24:27
Hebrew Bible
25 That day Joshua drew up an agreement for the people, and he established rules and regulations for them in Shechem. 26 Joshua wrote these words in the Law Scroll of God. He then took a large stone and set it up there under the oak tree near the Lord’s sanctuary. 27 Joshua said to all the people, “Look, this stone will be a witness against us, for it has heard everything the Lord said to us. It will be a witness against you if you deny your God.” 28 When Joshua dismissed the people, they went to their allotted portions of land. 29 After all this Joshua son of Nun, the Lord’s servant, died at the age of 110.
200–101 BCE
LXX Joshua 24:27
Septuagint
25 So Joshua made a covenant with the people on that day, and gave them a law and an ordinance in Shiloh before the tabernacle of the God of Israel. 26 And he wrote these words in the book of the law of God: and Joshua took a great stone, and set it up under the oak before the Lord. 27 And Joshua said to the people, Look, this stone shall be among you for a witness, for it has heard all the words that have been spoken to it by the Lord; for he has spoken to us this day; and this stone shall be among you for a witness in the last days, whenever you shall deal falsely with the Lord my God. 28 And Joshua dismissed the people, and they went every man to his place. 29 And Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that lived as long as Joshua, and all that knew all the works of the Lord which he did for Israel.
600–501 BCE
Joshua 24:30
Hebrew Bible
27 Joshua said to all the people, “Look, this stone will be a witness against us, for it has heard everything the Lord said to us. It will be a witness against you if you deny your God.” 28 When Joshua dismissed the people, they went to their allotted portions of land. 29 After all this Joshua son of Nun, the Lord’s servant, died at the age of 110. 30 They buried him in his allotted territory in Timnath Serah in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 31 Israel worshiped the Lord throughout Joshua’s lifetime and as long as the elderly men who outlived him remained alive. These men had experienced firsthand everything the Lord had done for Israel.
200–101 BCE
LXX Joshua 24:31a
Septuagint
28 And Joshua dismissed the people, and they went every man to his place. 29 And Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that lived as long as Joshua, and all that knew all the works of the Lord which he did for Israel. 30 And it happened after these things that Joshua the son of Nun the servant of the Lord died, at the age of one hundred and ten years. 31 And they buried him by the borders of his inheritance in Timnath Serah in the mount of Ephraim, northward of the mount of Gaash: 31a there they put with him into the tomb in which they buried him, the knives of stone with which he circumcised the children of Israel in Gilgal, when he brought them out of Egypt, as the Lord appointed them; and there they are to this day. 32 And the children of Israel brought up the bones of Joseph out of Egypt, and buried them in Shechem, in the portion of the land which Jacob bought of the Amorites who lived in Shechem for one hundred ewe-lambs; and he gave it to Joseph for a portion.
600–501 BCE
Joshua 24:33
Hebrew Bible
32 The bones of Joseph, which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt, were buried at Shechem in the part of the field that Jacob bought from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for 100 pieces of money. So it became the inheritance of the tribe of Joseph. 33 Eleazar son of Aaron died, and they buried him in Gibeah in the hill country of Ephraim, where his son Phinehas had been assigned land.
200–101 BCE
LXX Joshua 24:33
Septuagint
32 And the children of Israel brought up the bones of Joseph out of Egypt, and buried them in Shechem, in the portion of the land which Jacob bought of the Amorites who lived in Shechem for one hundred ewe-lambs; and he gave it to Joseph for a portion. 33 And it happened afterwards that Eleazar the high-priest the son of Aaron died, and was buried in Gibeah of Phinehas his son, which he gave him in mount Ephraim. 33a In that day the children of Israel took the ark of God, and carried it about among them; and Phinehas exercised the priest's office in the place of Eleazar his father till he died, and he was buried in his own place Gibeah: 33b but the children of Israel departed every one to their place, and to their own city: and the children of Israel worshiped Astarte, and Ashtaroth, and the gods of the nations all around them; and the Lord delivered them into the hands of Eglon king of Moab and he ruled over them eighteen years.
600–501 BCE
Judges 4:8
Hebrew Bible
7 I will bring Sisera, the general of Jabin’s army, to you at the Kishon River, along with his chariots and huge army. I will hand him over to you.” 8 Barak said to her, “If you go with me, I will go. But if you do not go with me, I will not go.” 9 She said, “I will indeed go with you. But you will not gain fame on the expedition you are undertaking, for the Lord will turn Sisera over to a woman.” Deborah got up and went with Barak to Kedesh.
200–101 BCE
LXX Judges 4:8
Septuagint
7 And I will bring to you to the torrent of Kishon Sisera the captain of the host of Jabin, and his chariots, and his multitude, and I will deliver him into your hands. 8 And Barak said to her, If you will go with me, I will go; and if you will not go, I will not go; for I do not know the day on which the Lord prospers his messenger with me. 9 And she said, I will surely go with you; but know that your honor shall not attend on the expedition on which you go, for the Lord shall sell Sisera into the hands of a woman: and Deborah arose, and went with Barak out of Kedesh.
600–501 BCE
1 Samuel 2:10
Hebrew Bible
9 He watches over his holy ones, but the wicked are made speechless in the darkness, for it is not by one’s own strength that one prevails. 10 The Lord shatters his adversaries; he thunders against them from the heavens. The Lord executes judgment to the ends of the earth. He will strengthen his king and exalt the power of his anointed one.” 11 Then Elkanah went back home to Ramah. The boy Samuel was serving the Lord with the favor of Eli the priest.
100–1 BCE
LXX 1 Samuel 2:10
Septuagint
8 He lifts up the poor from the earth, and raises the needy from the dunghill; to seat him with the princes of the people, and causing them to inherit the throne of glory: 9 granting his petition to him that prays; and he blesses the years of the righteous, for by strength man cannot prevail. 10 The Lord will weaken his adversary; the Lord is holy. Let not the wise man boast in his wisdom, nor let the mighty man boast in his strength, and let not the rich man boast in his wealth; but let him that boasts boast in this, to understand and know the Lord, and to execute judgment and justice in the midst of the earth. The Lord has gone up to the heavens, and has thundered: he will judge the extremities of the earth, and he gives strength to our kings, and will exalt the horn of his Christ. 11 And they left him there before the Lord, and departed to Ramathaim: and the child ministered in the presence of the Lord before Eli the priest.
600–501 BCE
1 Samuel 17:36
Hebrew Bible
35 I would go out after it, strike it down, and rescue the sheep from its mouth. If it rose up against me, I would grab it by its beard*, strike it, and kill it. 36 Your servant has struck down both the lion and the bear. This uncircumcised Philistine will be just like one of them, for he has defied the armies of the living God.” 37 David went on to say, “The Lord who delivered me from the lion and the bear will also deliver me from the hand of this Philistine.” Then Saul said to David, “Go! The Lord will be with you.”
100–1 BCE
LXX 1 Samuel 17:36
Septuagint
35 then I went forth after him, and struck him, and drew the prey out of his mouth: and as he rose up against me, then I caught hold of his throat, and struck him, and killed him. 36 Your servant struck both the bear and the lion, and the uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them: shall I not go and strike him, and remove this day a reproach from Israel? For who is this uncircumcised one, who has defied the army of the living God? 37 The Lord who delivered me out of the paw of the lion and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this uncircumcised Philistine. And Saul said to David, Go, and the Lord shall be with you.
600–501 BCE
1 Samuel 17:43
Hebrew Bible
42 When the Philistine looked carefully at David, he despised him, for he was only a ruddy and handsome boy. 43 The Philistine said to David, “Am I a dog, that you are coming after me with sticks?” Then the Philistine cursed David by his gods. 44 The Philistine said to David, “Come here to me, so I can give your flesh to the birds of the sky and the wild animals of the field!”
100–1 BCE
LXX 1 Samuel 17:43
Septuagint
42 And Goliath saw David, and despised him; for he was a lad, and ruddy, with a fair face. 43 And the Philistine said to David, Am I as a dog, that you come against me with a staff and stones? and David said, No, but worse than a dog. And the Philistine cursed David by his gods. 44 And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give your flesh to the birds of the air, and to the beasts of the earth.
600–501 BCE
2 Samuel 11:22
Hebrew Bible
21 Who struck down Abimelech the son of Jerub-Besheth? Didn’t a woman throw an upper millstone down on him from the wall so that he died in Thebez? Why did you go so close to the wall?’ just say to him, ‘Your servant Uriah the Hittite is also dead.’” 22 So the messenger departed. When he arrived, he informed David of all the news that Joab had sent with him. 23 The messenger said to David, “The men overpowered us and attacked us in the field. But we forced them to retreat all the way to the door of the city gate.
100–1 BCE
LXX 2 Samuel 11:22
Septuagint
21 Who struck Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal? did not a woman cast a piece of a millstone upon him from above the wall, and he died in Thamasi? why did you draw near to the wall? then you shall say, Your servant Uriah the Hittite is also dead. 22 And the messenger of Joab went to the king to Jerusalem, and he came and reported to David all that Joab told him, all the affairs of the war. And David was very angry with Joab, and said to the messenger, Why did you draw near to the city to fight? did you not know that you would be wounded from the wall? Who struck Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal? did not a woman cast upon him a piece of millstone from the wall, and he died in Thamasi? why did you draw near to the wall? 23 And the messenger said to David, The men prevailed against us, and they came out against us into the field, and we came upon them even to the door of the gate.
600–501 BCE
2 Samuel 24:15
Hebrew Bible
14 David said to Gad, “I am very upset! I prefer that we be attacked by the Lord, for his mercy is great; I do not want to be attacked by human hands!” 15 So the Lord sent a plague through Israel from the morning until the completion of the appointed time, and 70,000 people died from Dan to Beer Sheba. 16 When the angel extended his hand to destroy Jerusalem, the Lord relented from his judgment. He told the angel who was killing the people, “That’s enough! Stop now!” (Now the angel of the Lord was near the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite.)
100–1 BCE
LXX 2 Samuel 24:15
Septuagint
14 And David said to Gad, On every side I am much straitened: let me fall now into the hands of the Lord, for his compassions are very many; and let me not fall into the hands of man. So David chose for himself death. 15 And they were the days of wheat harvest; and the Lord sent a pestilence upon Israel from morning till noon, and the plague began among the people; and there died of the people from Dan even to Beersheba seventy thousand men. 16 And the angel of God stretched out his hand against Jerusalem to destroy it, and the Lord repented of the evil, and said to the angel that destroyed the people, It is enough now, withhold your hand. And the angel of the Lord was by the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite.
600–501 BCE
Amos 6:9
Hebrew Bible
8 The Sovereign Lord confirms this oath by his very own life. The Lord God of Heaven’s Armies is speaking: “I despise Jacob’s arrogance; I hate their fortresses. I will hand over to their enemies the city of Samaria and everything in it.” 9 If 10 men are left in one house, they too will die. 10 When their close relatives, the ones who will burn the corpses, pick up their bodies to remove the bones from the house, they will say to anyone who is in the inner rooms of the house, “Is anyone else with you?” He will respond, “No one.” Then he will say, “Hush! Don’t invoke the Lord’s name!”
100–1 BCE
LXX Amos 6:9
Septuagint
8 For the Lord has sworn by himself, saying, Because I abhor all the pride of Jacob, I do also hate his countries, and I will cut off his city with all who inhabit it. 9 And if there are ten men left in one house, they will die, and the remnant shall be left behind. 10 And their relations shall take them, and shall strenuously endeavor to carry forth their bones from the house: and one shall say to the heads of the house, Is there yet any one else with you? And he shall say, No one else. And the other shall say, Be silent, that you do not name the name of the Lord.
600–501 BCE
Habakkuk 3:2
Hebrew Bible
1 This is a prayer of Habakkuk the prophet: 2 Lord, I have heard the report of what you did; I am awed, Lord, by what you accomplished. In our time repeat those deeds; in our time reveal them again. But when you cause turmoil, remember to show us mercy! 3 God comes from Teman, the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah. His splendor has covered the skies, the earth is full of his glory. 4 His brightness will be as lightning; a two-pronged lightning bolt flashing from his hand. This is the outward display of his power.
100–1 BCE
LXX Habakkuk 3:2
Septuagint
1 A PRAYER OF THE PROPHET AMBACUM, WITH A SONG. 2 Lord, I have heard your report, and was afraid: I considered your works, and was amazed: you shall be known between the two living creatures, you shall be acknowledged when the years draw near; you shall be manifested when the time has come; when my soul is troubled, you will in fierce anger remember mercy. 3 God shall come from Teman, and the Holy One from the dark shady mount. Pause. His excellence covered the heavens, and the earth was full of his praise.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 2:21
Hebrew Bible
18 For she has set her house by death and her paths by the place of the departed spirits. 19 None who go in to her will return, nor will they reach the paths of life. 20 So you will walk in the way of good people and will keep on the paths of the righteous. 21 For the upright will reside in the land, and those with integrity will remain in it,
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 2:21
Septuagint
18 For she has fixed her house near death, and guided her wheels near Hades with the giants. 19 None that go by her shall return, neither shall they take hold of right paths, for they are not apprehended by the years of life. 20 For had they gone in good paths, they would have found the paths of righteousness easy. 21 The kind shall be inhabitants of the earth, and the innocent shall be left in it; for the upright shall dwell in the earth, and the holy shall be left behind in it.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 3:15
Hebrew Bible
13 Blessed is the one who has found wisdom and the one who obtains understanding. 14 For her benefit is more profitable than silver, and her gain is better than gold. 15 She is more precious than rubies, and none of the things you desire can compare with her. 16 Long life is in her right hand; in her left hand are riches and honor. 17 Her ways are very pleasant, and all her paths are peaceful.
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 3:15
Septuagint
13 Blessed is the man who has found wisdom, and the mortal who knows prudence. 14 For it is better to traffic for her, than for treasures of gold and silver. 15 And she is more valuable than precious stones: no evil thing shall resist her: she is well known to all that approach her, and no precious thing is equal to her in value. 16 For length of existence and years of life are in her right hand; and in her left hand are wealth and glory: 16a out of her mouth proceeds righteousness, and she carries law and mercy upon her tongue.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 6:3
Hebrew Bible
1 My child, if you have made a pledge for your neighbor, if you have become a guarantor for a stranger, 2 if you have been ensnared by the words you have uttered and have been caught by the words you have spoken, 3 then, my child, do this in order to deliver yourself, because you have fallen into your neighbor’s power: Go, humble yourself, and appeal firmly to your neighbor. 4 Permit no sleep to your eyes or slumber to your eyelids.
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 6:3
Septuagint
1 My son, if you become surety for your friend, you shall deliver your hand to an enemy. 2 For a man's own lips become a strong snare to him, and he is caught with the lips of his own mouth. 3 My son, do what I command you, and deliver yourself; for on your friend's account you have come into the hands of evil men: do not faint, but stir up even your friend for whom you have become surety. 4 Do not give sleep to your eyes, nor slumber with your eyelids;
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 6:8
Hebrew Bible
6 Go to the ant, you sluggard; observe her ways and be wise! 7 It has no commander, overseer, or ruler, 8 yet it would prepare its food in the summer; it gathered at the harvest what it will eat. 9 How long, you sluggard, will you lie there? When will you rise from your sleep? 10 A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to relax, 11 and your poverty will come like a robber, and your need like an armed man.
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 6:8
Septuagint
6 Go to the ant, sluggard; and see, and emulate his ways, and become wiser than he. 7 For whereas he has no farm, nor any one to compel him, and is under no master, 8 he prepares food for himself in the summer, and lays by abundant store in harvest. 8a Or go to the bee, and learn how diligent she is, and how earnestly she is engaged in her work; 8b whose labors kings and private men use for health, and she is desired and respected by all: 8c though weak in body, she is advanced by honoring wisdom.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 23:4
Hebrew Bible
3 Do not crave that ruler’s delicacies, for that food is deceptive. 4 Do not wear yourself out to become rich; be wise enough to restrain yourself. 5 When you gaze upon riches, they are gone, for they surely make wings for themselves and fly off into the sky like an eagle!
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 23:4
Septuagint
3 But if you are very insatiable, do not desire his provisions; for these belong to a false life. 4 If you are poor, do not stretch yourself out alongside a rich man; but refrain yourself in your wisdom. 5 If you should fix your eye upon him, he will disappear; for wings like an eagle's are prepared for him, and he returns to the house of his master.
400 BCE
Democritus, Fragments
Classical
Democritus: A person shows good judgement if he is not grieved by what he does not have, but is pleased with what he does have. The desire for more destroys what one has, as with the dog in Aesop's fable. Democritus: Someone who contends with a superior ends up with a bad reputation. One should recognize that human life is feeble and short and heaped up with all sorts of evils and disasters, so as to aim at moderate acquisition and measure one's trouble against what is necessary. Democritus: Helplessness on the part of all is worse than the helpless of each individual; for there is left no hope of assistance.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 23:27
Hebrew Bible
25 May your father and your mother have joy; may she who bore you rejoice. 26 Give me your heart, my son, and let your eyes observe my ways; 27 for a prostitute is like a deep pit; a harlot is like a narrow well. 28 Indeed, she lies in wait like a robber and increases the unfaithful among men.
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 23:27
Septuagint
25 Let your father and your mother rejoice over you, and let her that bore you be glad. 26 My son, give me your heart, and let your eyes observe my ways. 27 For a strange house is a vessel full of holes; and a strange well is narrow. 28 For such a one shall perish suddenly; and every transgressor shall be cut off.
380 BCE
Plato, Dialogue with Gorgias 493b
Classical
a tale in which he called the soul—because of its believing and make-believe nature—a vessel, and the ignorant he called the uninitiated or leaky, and the place in the souls of the uninitiated in which the desires are seated, being the intemperate and incontinent part, he compared to a leaky vessel full of holes, because it can never be satisfied. He is not of your way of thinking, Callicles, for he declares, that of all the souls in Hades, meaning the invisible world, these uninitiated or leaky persons are the most miserable, and that they pour water into a vessel which is full of holes out of a colander which is similarly perforated. The colander, as my informer assures me, is the soul, and the
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 24:22
Hebrew Bible
21 Fear the Lord, my child, as well as the king, and do not associate with rebels, 22 for suddenly their destruction will overtake them, and who knows the ruinous judgment both the Lord and the king can bring? 23 These sayings also are from the wise: To show partiality in judgment is terrible:
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 24:22
Septuagint
21 My son, fear God and the king; and do not disobey either of them. 22 For they will suddenly punish the ungodly, and who can know the vengeance inflicted by both? 22a A son that keeps the word shall escape destruction; and receiving, he has received it. 22b Let no falsehood be spoken by the king from the tongue; yes, let no falsehood proceed from his tongue.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 25:10
Hebrew Bible
9 When you argue a case with your neighbor, do not reveal the secret of another person, 10 lest the one who hears it put you to shame and your infamy will never go away. 11 Like apples of gold in settings of silver, so is a word skillfully spoken. 12 Like an earring of gold and an ornament of fine gold, so is a wise reprover to the ear of the one who listens.
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 25:10
Septuagint
9 retreat backward, do not despise him; 10 for fear that your friend might continue to reproach you, so your quarrel and enmity shall not depart, but shall be to you like death. 10a Favor and friendship set a man free; keep these for yourself, for fear that you might be made liable to reproach; but take heed to your ways peaceably. 11 As a golden apple in a necklace of sardius, so is it to speak a word.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 26:11
Hebrew Bible
10 Like an archer who wounds at random, so is the one who hires a fool or hires any passerby. 11 Like a dog that returns to its vomit, so a fool repeats his folly. 12 You have seen a man wise in his own opinion— there is more hope for a fool than for him. 13 The sluggard has said, “There is a lion in the road! A lion in the streets!”
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 26:11a
Septuagint
9 Thorns grow in the hand of a drunkard, and servitude in the hand of fools. 10 All the flesh of fools endures much hardship; for their fury is brought to nothing. 11 As when a dog goes to his own vomit, and becomes abominable, so is a fool who returns in his wickedness to his own sin. 11a There is a shame that brings sin: and there is a shame that is glory and grace. 12 I have seen a man who seemed to himself to be wise; but a fool had more hope than he.
195–180 BCE
Sirach 4:21
Deuterocanon
20 Watch for the opportunity, and beware of evil. Don’t be ashamed of your soul. 21 For there is a shame that brings sin, and there is a shame that is glory and grace. 22 Don’t show partiality, discrediting your soul. Don’t revere any man to your falling. 23 Don’t refrain from speaking when it is for safety. Don’t hide your wisdom for the sake of seeming fair.
600–201 BCE
Proverbs 26:22
Hebrew Bible
21 Like charcoal is to burning coals, and wood to fire, so is a contentious person to kindle strife. 22 The words of a gossip are like choice morsels; and they have gone down into a person’s innermost being. 23 Like a coating of glaze over earthenware are fervent lips with an evil heart.
100–1 BCE
LXX Proverbs 26:22
Septuagint
21 A hearth for coals, and wood for fire; and a railing man for the tumult of strife. 22 The words of cunning scoundrels are soft; but they strike even to the inmost parts of the insides. 23 Silver dishonestly given is to be considered as a potsherd: smooth lips cover a malicious heart.
700–601 BCE
Homer, Hesiod Homerica
Classical
Suidas, Cercopes. These were two brothers living upon the earth who practiced every kind of knavery. They were called Cercopes (‘monkey men’) because of their cunning doings: one of them was named Passalus and the other Acmon. Their mother, a daughter of Memnon, seeing their tricks, told them to keep clear of Black-bottom, that is, of Heracles. These Cercopes were sons of the gods Theia and Ocean, and are said to have been turned to stone for trying to deceive Zeus. ‘Liars and cheats, skilled in deeds irremediable, accomplished knaves. Far over the world they roamed deceiving men as they wandered continually.’
500–401 BCE
Jeremiah 2:28
Hebrew Bible
27 They say to a wooden idol, ‘You are my father.’ They say to a stone image, ‘You gave birth to me.’ Yes, they have turned away from me instead of turning to me. Yet when they are in trouble, they say, ‘Come and save us!’ 28 But where are the gods you made for yourselves? Let them save you when you are in trouble. The sad fact is that you have as many gods as you have towns, Judah. 29 Why do you try to refute me? All of you have rebelled against me,” says the Lord.
100–1 BCE
LXX Jeremiah 2:28
Septuagint
27 They said to a stock, You are my father; and to a stone, You have fathered me: and they have turned their backs to me, and not their faces: yet in the time of their afflictions they will say, Arise, and save us. 28 And where are your gods, which you made for yourself? will they arise and save in the time of your affliction? for according to the number of your cities were your gods, Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem they sacrificed to Baal. 29 Why do you speak to me? you all have been ungodly, and you all have transgressed against me, says the Lord.
500–401 BCE
Jeremiah 27:15
Hebrew Bible
15 For I, the Lord, affirm that I did not send them. They are prophesying lies to you in my name. If you listen to them, I will drive you and the prophets who are prophesying lies out of the land and you will all die in exile.’” 16 I also told the priests and all the people, “The Lord says, ‘Do not listen to what your prophets are saying. They are prophesying to you that the valuable articles taken from the Lord’s temple will be brought back from Babylon very soon. But they are prophesying a lie to you. 17 Do not listen to them. Be subject to the king of Babylon. Then you will continue to live. Why should this city be made a pile of rubble?’”
100–1 BCE
LXX Jeremiah 34:15
Septuagint
15 for I did not send them, says the Lord; and they prophesy in my name unjustly, so as to destroy you, and you should perish, and your prophets, who unrighteously prophesy lies to you. 16 I spoke to you, and to all this people, and to the priests, saying, Thus said the Lord; Do not listen to the words of the prophets that prophesy to you, saying, Look, the vessels of the Lord's house shall return from Babylon: for they prophesy to you unrighteous words. I did not send them.
500–401 BCE
Jeremiah 41:5
Hebrew Bible
4 On the day after Gedaliah had been murdered, before anyone even knew about it, 5 80 men arrived from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria. They had shaved off their beards, torn their clothes, and cut themselves to show they were mourning. They were carrying grain offerings and incense to present at the temple of the Lord in Jerusalem. 6 Ishmael son of Nethaniah went out from Mizpah to meet them. He was pretending to cry as he walked along. When he met them, he said to them, “Come with me to meet Gedaliah son of Ahikam.”
100–1 BCE
LXX Jeremiah 48:4
Septuagint
4 And it happened on the second day after he had struck Gedaliah, and no man knew of it, 5 that there came men from Shechem, and from Salem, and from Samaria, even eighty men, having their beards shaven, and their clothes torn, and beating their breasts, and they had manna and frankincense in their hands, to bring them into the house of the Lord. 6 And Ishmael went out to meet them; and they went on and wept: and he said to them, Come in to Gedaliah.
500–401 BCE
Haggai 2:9
Hebrew Bible
7 I will also shake up all the nations, and they will offer their treasures; then I will fill this temple with glory.” So the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has said. 8 “The silver and gold will be mine,” decrees the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. 9 “The future splendor of this temple will be greater than that of former times,” the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has declared. “And in this place I will give peace,” decrees the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. 10 On the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month of Darius’ second year, the Lord’s message came to the prophet Haggai: 11 “This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has said, ‘Ask the priests about the law.
100–1 BCE
LXX Haggai 2:9
Septuagint
7 and I will shake all nations, and the choice portions of all the nations shall come: and I will fill this house with glory, says the Lord Almighty. 8 Mine is the silver, and mine the gold, says the Lord Almighty. 9 For the glory of this house shall be great, the latter more than the former, says the Lord Almighty: and in this place I will give peace, says the Lord Almighty, even peace of soul for a possession to every one that builds, to raise up this temple. 10 On the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, in the second year of Darius, the word of the Lord came to Haggai the prophet, saying, 11 Thus says the Lord Almighty; Inquire now of the priests concerning the law, saying,
500–401 BCE
Job 1:5
Hebrew Bible
3 His possessions included 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 yoke of oxen, and 500 female donkeys; in addition he had a very great household. Thus he was the greatest of all the people in the east. 4 Now his sons used to go and hold a feast in the house of each one in turn, and they would send and invite their three sisters to eat and to drink with them. 5 When the days of their feasting were finished, Job would send for them and sanctify them; he would get up early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job thought, “Perhaps my children have sinned and cursed God in their hearts.” This was Job’s customary practice.
100–1 BCE
LXX Job 1:5
Septuagint
3 And his cattle consisted of seven thousand sheep, three thousand camels, five hundred yoke of oxen, five hundred female donkeys in the pastures, and a very great household, and he had an extensive farm on the earth; and that man was most noble of the men of the east. 4 And his sons visiting one another prepared a banquet every day, taking with them also their three sisters to eat and drink with them. 5 And when the days of the banquet were completed, Job sent and purified them, having risen up in the morning, and offered sacrifices for them, according to their number, and one calf for a sin-offering for their souls: for Job said, I fear that my sons have thought evil in their minds against God. Thus, then Job did continually.
500–401 BCE
Job 2:9
Hebrew Bible
7 So Satan went out from the presence of the Lord, and he afflicted Job with a malignant ulcer from the soles of his feet to the top of his head. 8 Job took a shard of broken pottery to scrape himself with while he was sitting among the ashes. 9 Then his wife said to him, “Are you still holding firmly to your integrity? Curse God, and die!” 10 But he replied, “You’re talking like one of the godless women would do! Should we receive what is good from God, and not also receive what is evil?” In all this Job did not sin by what he said. 11 When Job’s three friends heard about all this calamity that had happened to him, each of them came from his own country—Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite. They met together to come to show sympathy for him and to console him.
100–1 BCE
LXX Job 2:9
Septuagint
6 And the Lord said to the devil, Look, I deliver him up to you; only save his life. 7 So the devil went out from the Lord, and struck Job with severe boils from his feet to his head. 8 And he took a potsherd to scrape away the discharge, and sat upon a dung-heap outside the city. 9 And when much time had passed, his wife said to him, How long will you hold out, saying, 9a Look, I wait yet a little while, expecting the hope of my deliverance? 9b for, look, your memorial is abolished from the earth, even your sons and daughters, the pangs and pains of my womb which I bore in vain with sorrows; 9c and you yourself sit down to spend the nights in the open air among the corruption of worms,
500–401 BCE
Job 2:11
Hebrew Bible
9 Then his wife said to him, “Are you still holding firmly to your integrity? Curse God, and die!” 10 But he replied, “You’re talking like one of the godless women would do! Should we receive what is good from God, and not also receive what is evil?” In all this Job did not sin by what he said. 11 When Job’s three friends heard about all this calamity that had happened to him, each of them came from his own country—Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite. They met together to come to show sympathy for him and to console him. 12 But when they gazed intently from a distance but did not recognize him, they began to weep loudly. Each of them tore his robes, and they threw dust into the air over their heads. 13 Then they sat down with him on the ground for seven days and seven nights, yet no one spoke a word to him, for they saw that his pain was very great.
100–1 BCE
LXX Job 2:11
Septuagint
9e but say some word against the Lord, and die. 10 But he looked on her, and said to her, You have spoken like one of the foolish women. If we have received good things of the hand of the Lord, shall we not endure evil things? In all these things that happened to him, Job did not sin at all with his lips before God. 11 Now his three friends having heard of all the evil that had come upon him, came to him each from his own country: Eliphaz the king of the Temanites, Bildad sovereign of the Shuhites, Zophar king of the Minaeans: and they came to him with one accord, to comfort and to visit him. 12 And when they saw him from a distance they did not know him; and they cried with a loud voice, and wept, and tore every one his garment, and sprinkled dust upon their heads, 13 and they sat down beside him seven days and seven nights, and no one of them spoke; for they saw that his affliction was dreadful and very great.
500–401 BCE
Job 42:17
Hebrew Bible
15 Nowhere in all the land could women be found who were as beautiful as Job’s daughters, and their father granted them an inheritance alongside their brothers. 16 After this Job lived 140 years; he saw his children and their children to the fourth generation. 17 And so Job died, old and full of days.
100–1 BCE
LXX Job 42:17
Septuagint
15 And there were not found in comparison with the daughters of Job, fairer women than they in all the world: and their father gave them an inheritance among their brothers. 16 And Job lived after his affliction one hundred and seventy years: and all the years he lived were two hundred and forty-eight: and Job saw his sons and his sons' sons, the fourth generation. 17 And Job died, an old man and full of days: 17a and it is written that he will rise again with those whom the Lord raises up. 17b This man is described in the Syriac book as living in the land of Uz, on the borders of Idumea and Arabia: and his name before was Jobab;
400–301 BCE
1 Chronicles 16:40
Hebrew Bible
39 Zadok the priest and his fellow priests served before the Lord’s tabernacle at the worship center in Gibeon, 40 regularly offering burnt sacrifices to the Lord on the altar for burnt sacrifice, morning and evening, according to what is prescribed in the law of the Lord which he charged Israel to observe. 41 Joining them were Heman, Jeduthun, and the rest of those chosen and designated by name to give thanks to the Lord. (For his loyal love endures!)
100–1 BCE
LXX 1 Chronicles 16:40
Septuagint
39 And they appointed Zadok the priest, and his brothers the priests, before the tabernacle of the Lord in the high place in Gibeon, 40 to offer up whole burnt offerings to the Lord on the altar of whole burnt offerings continually morning and evening, and according to all things written in the law of the Lord, which he commanded the children of Israel by Moses the servant of God. 41 And with him were Heman and Jeduthun, and the rest chosen out by name to praise the Lord, for his mercy endures for ever.
200–101 BCE
Esther 2:20
Hebrew Bible
18 Then the king prepared a large banquet for all his officials and his servants—it was actually Esther’s banquet. He also set aside a holiday for the provinces, and he provided for offerings at the king’s expense. 19 Now when the young women were being gathered again, Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate. 20 Esther was still not divulging her lineage or her people, just as Mordecai had instructed her. Esther continued to do whatever Mordecai said, just as she had done when he was raising her. 21 In those days while Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate, Bigthan and Teresh, two of the king’s eunuchs who protected the entrance, became angry and plotted to assassinate King Ahasuerus.
100–1 BCE
LXX Esther 2:20
Septuagint
17 And the king loved Esther, and she found favor beyond all the other virgins: and he put on her the queen's crown. 18 And the king made a banquet for all his friends and great men for seven days, and he highly celebrated the marriage of Esther; and he made a release to those who were under his dominion. 19 But Mordecai served in the palace. 20 Now Esther had not revealed her kindred; for so Mordecai commanded her, to fear God, and perform his commandments, as when she was with him: and Esther did not change her manner of life.