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LXX Isaiah

Septuagint

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Chapter 65

1 I became manifest to those who did not seek me; I was found by those who did not ask for me:⁠ I said, Look, I am here, to a nation, who did not call on my name. 2 I have stretched forth my hands all day to a disobedient and gainsaying people, to those who did not walk in a true way, but after their sins.⁠ 3 This is the people that provokes me continually in my presence; they offer sacrifices in gardens, and burn incense on bricks⁠ to demons, which do not exist. 4 They lie down to sleep in the tombs and in the caves for the sake of dreams, even they that eat swine's flesh, and the broth of their sacrifices: all their vessels are defiled: 5 who say, Depart from me, do not draw near to me, for I am pure. This is the smoke of my fierce anger, a fire burns with it continually. 6 Look, it is written before me: I will not be silent until I have repaid them into their lap, 7 their sins and the sins of their fathers, says the Lord, who have burnt incense on the mountains, and reproached me on the hills: I will repay them for their works into their lap. 8 Thus says the Lord, As a grape-stone shall be found in the cluster, and they shall say, Do not destroy it; for a blessing of the Lord is in it: so I will do for the sake of him that serves me, for his sake I will not destroy them all. 9 And I will lead forth the seed that came of Jacob and of Judah, and they shall inherit my holy mountain: and my elect and my servants shall inherit it, and shall dwell there. 10 And there shall be in the forest folds of flocks, and the valley of Achor shall be for a resting-place of herds for my people, who have sought me. 11 But you are they that have left me, and forget my holy mountain, and prepare a table⁠ for the demon, and fill up the drink-offering to Fortune. 12 I will deliver you up to the sword, you shall all fall by slaughter: for I called you, and you did not listen; I spoke, and you refused to hear; and you did evil in my sight, and chose the things in which I did not delight. 13 Therefore thus says the Lord, Look, my servants shall eat, but you shall hunger: look, my servants shall drink, but you shall thirst: look, my servants shall rejoice, but you shall be ashamed: 14 look, my servants shall exult with joy, but you shall cry for the sorrow of your heart, and shall howl for the vexation of your spirit. 15 For you shall leave your name for a loathing to my chosen, and the Lord shall destroy you: but they that serve him shall be called by a new name, 16 which shall be blessed on the earth; for they shall bless the true God: and they that swear upon the earth shall swear by the true God; for they shall forget the former affliction, it shall not come into their mind. 17 For there shall be a new heaven and a new earth: and they shall not at all remember the former, neither shall they at all come into their mind. 18 But they shall find in her joy and exultation; for, look, I make Jerusalem a rejoicing, and my people a joy. 19 And I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and will be glad in my people: and there shall no more be heard in her the voice of weeping, or the voice of crying. 20 Neither shall there be there any more a child that dies untimely, or an old man who shall not complete his time: for the youth shall be one hundred years old, and the sinner who dies at one hundred years shall also be accursed: 21 and they shall build houses, and themselves shall dwell in them; and they shall plant vineyards, and themselves shall eat the fruit of them. 22 They shall by no means build, and others inhabit; and they shall by no means plant, and others eat: for as the days of the tree of life shall be the days of my people, they shall long enjoy the fruits of their labors. 23 My chosen shall not toil in vain, neither shall they beget children to be cursed; for they are a seed blessed of God, and their offspring with them. 24 And it will happen, that before they call, I will listen to them; while they are yet speaking, I will say, What is it? 25 Then wolves and lambs shall feed together, and the lion shall eat chaff like the ox, and the serpent earth as bread. They shall not injure nor destroy in my holy mountain, says the Lord.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 65:3 and LXX Isaiah 65:3

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Isaiah 65 shows people following forbidden rituals, and the Greek Septuagint adds that they do them for demons that “do not exist.” This likely reflects a later attempt to reshape the passage and avoid the name of a god found in the Hebrew text.

Passages

Isaiah 65:3

Hebrew Bible
1 “I made myself available to those who did not ask for me; I appeared to those who did not look for me. I said, ‘Here I am! Here I am!’ to a nation that did not invoke my name. 2 I spread out my hands all day long to my rebellious people, who lived in a way that is morally unacceptable and who did what they desired. 3 These people continually and blatantly offend me as they sacrifice in their sacred orchards and burn incense on brick altars. 4 They sit among the tombs and keep watch all night long. They eat pork and broth from unclean sacrificial meat is in their pans. 5 They say, ‘Keep to yourself! Don’t get near me, for I am holier than you!’ These people are like smoke in my nostrils, like a fire that keeps burning all day long.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

LXX Isaiah 65:3

Septuagint
1 I became manifest to those who did not seek me; I was found by those who did not ask for me: I said, Look, I am here, to a nation, who did not call on my name. 2 I have stretched forth my hands all day to a disobedient and gainsaying people, to those who did not walk in a true way, but after their sins. 3 This is the people that provokes me continually in my presence; they offer sacrifices in gardens, and burn incense on bricks to demons, which do not exist. 4 They lie down to sleep in the tombs and in the caves for the sake of dreams, even they that eat swine's flesh, and the broth of their sacrifices: all their vessels are defiled: 5 who say, Depart from me, do not draw near to me, for I am pure. This is the smoke of my fierce anger, a fire burns with it continually.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

References

"... The first thing to point out is that the phrase “to demons that do not exist” is not present in the Masoretic Text. The translator either had a different text or, more likely, added the phrase in light of the content of verse 11 to follow. While it might seem obvious that the translator was inserting a theological point, the content of verse 11 creates some confusion for the translator’s thought process. The LXX uses daimoniō in Isaiah 65:11 for Hebrew gad, a well-known deity name in Canaanite, Phoenician, and Punic texts. Gad was a god (or goddess) of good luck, which is why Gad often appears in texts with a goddess (or god) of destiny, Tyche (Tychē), as here in LXX Isaiah 65:11. Why the translator recognized one deity name but generalized the other with the lemma daimonion is not clear. He may not have cared, since he inserted the line “do not exist” earlier in Isaiah 65:3 ..."
Michael S. Heiser, Demons: What the Bible Really Says about the Powers of Darkness (Bellingham, WA: Lexham, 2020), 52–53.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 65:3 and LXX Isaiah 65:3

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