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LXX Habakkuk

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 1

1 The burden which the prophet Habakkuk saw. 2 How long, Lord, shall I cry out, and you will not listen? how long shall I cry out to you being injured, and you will not save? 3 Why have you shown me troubles and griefs to look upon, misery and ungodliness? judgment is before me, and the judge receives a reward. 4 Therefore the law is frustrated, and judgment does not proceed effectually, for the ungodly man prevails over the just; therefore perverse judgment will proceed. 5 Look, you despisers, and see,⁠ and wonder marvelously, and vanish: for I work a work in your days, which you will in no way believe, though a man declares it to you.⁠ 6 Therefore, look, I stir up against you the Chaldeans, the warriors, the bitter and hasty nation, that walks upon the breadth of the earth, to inherit tabernacles not his own. 7 He is terrible and famous; his judgment shall proceed of himself, and his dignity shall come out of himself. 8 And his horses shall bound more swiftly than leopards, and they are fiercer than the wolves of Arabia: and his horsemen shall ride forth, and shall rush from far; and they shall fly as an eagle hastening to eat. 9 Destruction shall come upon ungodly men, resisting with their adverse front, and he shall gather the captivity as the sand. 10 And he shall be at his ease with kings, and princes are his toys, and he shall mock at every strong-hold, and shall cast a mound, and take possession of it. 11 Then he will change his spirit, and he shall pass through, and make an atonement, saying, This strength belongs to my god.⁠ 12 Are you not from the beginning, Lord God, my Holy One? and surely we shall not die.⁠ Lord, you have established him for judgment, and he has formed me to discipline with his correction. 13 His eye is too pure to look at evil deeds, and to look upon severe afflictions: why do you look upon despisers? will you be silent when the ungodly swallows up the just? 14 And will you make men as the fishes of the sea, and as the reptiles which have no guide? 15 He has brought up destruction with a hook, and drawn one with a casting net, and caught another in his drags: therefore shall his heart rejoice and be glad. 16 Therefore he will sacrifice to his drag, and burn incense to his casting-net, because by them he has made his portion fat, and his food choice. 17 Therefore he will cast his net, and will not spare to kill the nations continually.

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Compare Habakkuk 1:12 and LXX Habakkuk 1:12

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Habakkuk likely originally read "you will not die," affirming God's immortality. Early scribes would have changed it to "we will not die" because referring to death and God in the same sentence was too disrespectful.

Passages

Habakkuk 1:12

Hebrew Bible
11 They sweep by like the wind and pass on. But the one who considers himself a god will be held guilty.” 12 Lord, you have been active from ancient times; my sovereign God, we will not die35. Lord, you have made them your instrument of judgment. Protector, you have appointed them as your instrument of punishment. 13 You are too just to tolerate evil; you are unable to condone wrongdoing. So why do you put up with such treacherous people? Why do you say nothing when the wicked devour those more righteous than they are?
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Habakkuk

LXX Habakkuk 1:12

Septuagint
11 Then he will change his spirit, and he shall pass through, and make an atonement, saying, This strength belongs to my god. 12 Are you not from the beginning, Lord God, my Holy One? and surely we shall not die. Lord, you have established him for judgment, and he has formed me to discipline with his correction. 13 His eye is too pure to look at evil deeds, and to look upon severe afflictions: why do you look upon despisers? will you be silent when the ungodly swallows up the just?
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Habakkuk

References

"... The words "we will not die" (Hebrew lo' namut) in the middle of verse 12 are a scribal emendation (also known as tiqqune sopherim), followed by the Septuagint, Vulgate, and most English versions, from an original "you will not die" (Hebrew lo' tamut). Evidently, the ancient scribe could not bear the thought of God's death, even if the sentence was couched in the negative (compare Rudolph 1975: 208-9). The Midrash regards Habakkuk's "we will not die" as a prayer asking God to remove death and restore the Creator's design as it was before Adam and Eve ate of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil (Exodus Rabbah 38.2). ..."
Richard Coggins and Jin H. Han, Six Minor Prophets Through the Centuries: Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, BBC 29 (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), 55–56.
"... The tiqqune soferim, "corrections of the scribes," recorded in the Masorah, are words referred to in the Masorah as representing early corrections by the soferim. The Masorah records for these "corrected words" the specific words representing the presumed uncorrected, original text. According to various sources, the scribes corrected the text in several places — 8 (7) according to Sifre 84 (pp. 81-82) to Numbers 10:35, and 11 (9) according to Mekhilta Shirata 6 to Exodus 15:7 (the various manuscripts of these compositions contain different items), and 18 according to additional sources. The list in the Mekhilta to Exodus 15:7 contains the following eleven instances (in this sequence in the edition of Horowitz): Zechariah 2:12; Malachi 1:13; 1 Samuel 3:13; Job 7:20; Habakkuk 1:12; Jeremiah 2:11; Psalm 106:20; Numbers 11:15; 1 Kings 12:16; Ezekiel 8:17; Numbers 12:12. For these verses the rabbis use two main terms, namely, "the verse uses a euphemism," in the early sources (Sifre 84 to Numbers 10:35; Mekhilta to Exodus 15:7) and tiqqun, "correction," in the later lists. The two terms may reflect ancient conflicting views of the phenomenon, that is, either euphemisms or ancient textual corrections. However, since the terms are used in lists of different dates, it is more likely that the differences in terminology reflect a development in conception. Probably the tradition originally referred to mere "euphemisms" (substitutions) and only afterwards were they taken as corrections. Another common characteristic of the corrections of the scribes is that most of them correct merely one or two letters, principally the pronominal suffix. If the corrections had represented changes in the text, it is hard to believe that the correctors would have limited themselves to such small details ..."
Emanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2012), 65–66.
"... I am inclined to suppose that Pesher Habakkuk (1QpHab) column 5, line 3 suggests that the tiqqun recorded in several Massoretic lists for Habakkuk 1:12 (namut for tamut) is presupposed. Habakkuk probably wrote at 1:12: "Art thou not from everlasting, O Yahweh my God, my Holy One? Thou wilt not die." According to rabbinic sources, such an idea as Yahweh dying was so abhorrent even though stated negatively, that the sopherim corrected this to read: "We shall not die." ..."
Michael Fishbane, Biblical Interpretation in Ancient Israel (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985), 69.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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