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LXX Exodus

Septuagint

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Chapter 8

1 And the Lord said to Moses, Say to Aaron your brother, Stretch forth with the hand your rod over the rivers, and over the canals, and over the pools, and bring up the frogs. 2 And Aaron stretched forth his hand over the waters of Egypt, and brought up the frogs: and the frog was brought up, and covered the land of Egypt. 3 And the charmers of the Egyptians also did likewise with their sorceries, and brought up the frogs on the land of Egypt. 4 And Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron, and said, Pray for me to the Lord, and let him take away the frogs from me and from my people; and I will send them away, and they shall sacrifice to the Lord. 5 And Moses said to Pharaoh, Appoint me a time when I shall pray for you, and for your servants, and for your people, to cause the frogs to disappear from you, and from your people, and from your houses, only in the river shall they be left behind. 6 And he said, Tomorrow: he said therefore, As you have said; that you may know, that there is no other but the Lord.⁠ 7 And the frogs shall be removed away from you, and from your houses and from the villages, and from your servants, and from your people, only in the river they shall be left. 8 And Moses and Aaron went forth from Pharaoh, and Moses cried to the Lord concerning the restriction of the frogs, as Pharaoh appointed him. 9 And the Lord did as Moses said, and the frogs died out of the houses, and out of the villages, and out of the fields. 10 And they gathered them together in heaps, and the land stank. 11 And when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, his heart was hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord spoke. 12 And the Lord said to Moses, Say to Aaron, Stretch forth your rod with your hand and strike the dust of the earth; and there shall be lice both upon man, and upon quadrupeds, and in all the land of Egypt. 13 So Aaron stretched out his rod with his hand, and struck the dust of the earth; and the lice were on men and on quadrupeds, and in all the dust of the earth there were lice, in all the land of Egypt. 14 And the charmers also did so with their sorceries, to bring forth the louse, and they could not. And the lice were both on the men and on the quadrupeds. 15 So the charmers said to Pharaoh, This is the finger of God. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord said. 16 And the Lord said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh: and look, he will go forth to the water, and you shall say to him, These things says the Lord: Send away my people, that they may serve me in the wilderness. 17 And if you will not let my people go, look, I send upon you, and upon your servants, and upon your people, and upon your houses, the dog-fly; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be filled with the dog-fly, even throughout the land upon which they are. 18 and I will distinguish marvelously in that day the land of Goshen, on which my people dwell, in which the dog-fly shall not be: that you may know that I am the Lord, the Lord of all the earth. 19 And I will put a difference between my people and your people, and tomorrow this sign shall be on the land. 20 And the Lord did thus; and the dog-fly came in abundance into the houses of Pharaoh, and into the houses of his servants, and into all the land of Egypt; and the land was destroyed by the dog-fly. 21 And Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron, saying, Go and sacrifice to your God in the land. 22 And Moses said, It cannot be so, for we shall sacrifice to the Lord our God the abominations of the Egyptians; for if we sacrifice the abominations of the Egyptians before them, we shall be stoned. 23 We will go a journey of three days into the wilderness, and we will sacrifice to the Lord our God, as he said to us. 24 And Pharaoh said, I will let you go, and sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness, but do not go very far away: pray then for me to the Lord. 25 And Moses said, I then will go forth from you and pray to God, and the dog-fly shall depart both from you, and from your servants, and from your people tomorrow. Do not, Pharaoh, deceive again, so as not to send the people away to do sacrifice to the Lord. 26 And Moses went out from Pharaoh, and prayed to God. 27 And the Lord did as Moses said, and removed the dog-fly from Pharaoh, and from his servants, and from his people, and there was not one left. 28 And Pharaoh hardened his heart, even on this occasion, and he would not send the people away.

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Compare Exodus 8:10 and LXX Exodus 8:6

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Exodus says Pharaoh will learn “there is no one like the Lord our God,” which can be read as acknowledging other gods. The Greek Septuagint changes this to “there is no other,” creating a strict monotheistic reading shaped by later theology.

Passages

Exodus 8:10

Hebrew Bible
9 Moses said to Pharaoh, “You may have the honor over me—when shall I pray for you, your servants, and your people, for the frogs to be removed from you and your houses, so that they will be left only in the Nile?” 10 He said, “Tomorrow.” And Moses said, “It will be as you say, so that you may know that there is no one like the Lord our God. 11 The frogs will depart from you, your houses, your servants, and your people; they will be left only in the Nile.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Exodus

LXX Exodus 8:6

Septuagint
5 And Moses said to Pharaoh, Appoint me a time when I shall pray for you, and for your servants, and for your people, to cause the frogs to disappear from you, and from your people, and from your houses, only in the river shall they be left behind. 6 And he said, Tomorrow: he said therefore, As you have said; that you may know, that there is no other but the Lord. 7 And the frogs shall be removed away from you, and from your houses and from the villages, and from your servants, and from your people, only in the river they shall be left.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Exodus

References

"... In Exodus 8:10, the incomparability of Israel’s God is asserted: למען תדע כי־אין כיהוה אלהינו (“So that you may know that there is no one like the Lord our God”). The translator, however, emphasizes theoretical monotheism (ἵνα εἰδῇς ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλος πλὴν κυρίου): “so that you may know that there is no other except the Lord.” ..."
Martin Meiser, The Septuagint and Its Reception: Collected Essays (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2022), 13.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Exodus 8:10 and LXX Exodus 8:6

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