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Jonathan Micah

Targum Jonathan to the Prophets

About this book

Rulers Who Oppress the People

Chapter 3

1 I said, “Listen, leaders of Jacob and rulers of Israel’s house! Shouldn’t you understand justice? 2 You hate doing good and love doing evil. You⁠ seize My people’s possessions and take away their precious wealth. 3 You plunder My people’s possessions and take away their precious wealth, using up whatever remains. You divide them again, like someone breaking limbs into a pot, pieces into a cauldron.

4 “Then they will pray before the Lord, but He will not accept their prayer. At that time He will⁠ withdraw His Shekinah from them, because they have acted wickedly.”

False Prophets

5 The Lord says this about the false prophets who mislead My people. For someone who feeds them a feast of meat, they prophesy peace. Against someone who does not feed them, they prepare war.

6 So you will be ashamed to prophesy and⁠ humiliated to teach. Trouble like darkness will cover the false prophets, and their time will grow dark.

7 The false prophets will be ashamed, and the teachers humiliated. All will cover their upper lips like mourners, for they have no spirit of prophecy from the Lord.

8 But I am filled with the strength of the prophetic spirit from the Lord, with true judgment and courage, to tell Jacob his offenses and Israel his sins.

Judgment on Jerusalem

9 Listen to this, leaders of Jacob’s house and rulers of Israel’s house! You corrupt the ways of justice and twist everything that is right. 10 You build⁠ your houses in Zion through bloodshed, and Jerusalem through deceit.

11 Her leaders judge for bribes, her priests instruct for payment, and her prophets teach for silver. Yet they rely on the Lord’s Memra, saying, “Isn’t the Lord’s Shekinah among us? No disaster will come upon us,” they say.

12 So because of your sins Zion will be plowed like a field. Jerusalem will become heaps of rubble, and the mountain of the sanctuary a wooded thicket.

Texts in conversation

Compare Micah 3:10 and Jonathan Micah 3:10

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

In the Hebrew version of Micah, rulers build Zion through bloodshed. In the Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan, they build their houses in Zion, directing the accusation at their property rather than God’s dwelling.

Passages

Micah 3:10

Hebrew Bible
9 Listen to this, you leaders of the family of Jacob, you rulers of the nation of Israel! You hate justice and pervert all that is right.10 You build Zion through bloody crimes, Jerusalem through unjust violence.11 Her leaders take bribes when they decide legal cases, her priests proclaim rulings for profit, and her prophets read omens for pay. Yet they claim to trust the Lord and say, “The Lord is among us. Disaster will not overtake us!”12 Therefore, because of you, Zion will be plowed up like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of ruins, and the Temple Mount will become a hill overgrown with brush!
740–401 BCE Read in Micah

Jonathan Micah 3:10

Targum · Targum Jonathan to the Prophets
9 Listen to this, leaders of Jacob’s house and rulers of Israel’s house! You corrupt the ways of justice and twist everything that is right. 10 You build your houses in Zion through bloodshed, and Jerusalem through deceit.11 Her leaders judge for bribes, her priests instruct for payment, and her prophets teach for silver. Yet they rely on the Lord’s Memra, saying, “Isn’t the Lord’s Shekinah among us? No disaster will come upon us,” they say.12 So because of your sins Zion will be plowed like a field. Jerusalem will become heaps of rubble, and the mountain of the sanctuary a wooded thicket.

References

“... The Shekinah dwells in Zion (see next verse) so it is unacceptable to give the impression that Zion was built with blood. ...”
Kevin J. Cathcart and Robert P. Gordon, The Targum of the Minor Prophets, ArBib 14 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1989), 119.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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