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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 60

1 “Arise! Shine! For your light arrives! The splendor of the Lord shines on you!⁠ 2 For, look, darkness covers the earth and deep darkness covers the nations, but the Lord shines on you; his splendor appears over you.⁠ 3 Nations come to your light, kings to your bright light.⁠ 4 Look all around you! They all gather and come to you—your sons come from far away, and your daughters are escorted by guardians.⁠ 5 Then you will look and smile, you will be excited and your heart will swell with pride. For the riches of distant lands will belong to you, and the wealth of nations will come to you.⁠ 6 Camel caravans will cover your roads, young camels from Midian and Ephah. All the merchants of Sheba will come, bringing gold and incense and singing praises to the Lord.⁠ 7 All the sheep of Kedar will be gathered to you; the rams of Nebaioth will be available to you as sacrifices. They will go up on my altar acceptably, and I will bestow honor on my majestic temple. 8 Who are these who float along like a cloud, who fly like doves to their shelters? 9 Indeed, the coastlands look eagerly for me; the large ships are in the lead, bringing your sons from far away, along with their silver and gold, to honor the Lord your God, the Holy One of Israel, for he has bestowed honor on you. 10 Foreigners will rebuild your walls; their kings will serve you. Even though I struck you down in my anger, I will restore my favor and have compassion on you. 11 Your gates will remain open at all times; they will not be shut during the day or at night so that the wealth of nations may be delivered, with their kings leading the way.⁠ 12 Indeed, nations or kingdoms that do not serve you will perish; such nations will definitely be destroyed. 13 The splendor of Lebanon will come to you, its evergreens, firs, and cypresses together, to beautify my palace; I will bestow honor at the place of my feet24.⁠ 14 The children of your oppressors will come bowing to you; all who treated you with disrespect will bow down at your feet. They will call you, ‘The City of the Lord, Zion of the Holy One of Israel.’ 15 You were once abandoned and despised, with no one passing through, but I will make you a permanent source of pride and joy to coming generations. 16 You will drink the milk of nations; you will nurse at the breasts of kings.⁠ Then you will recognize that I, the Lord, am your Deliverer, your Protector, the Powerful One of Jacob. 17 Instead of bronze, I will bring you gold; instead of iron, I will bring you silver; instead of wood, I will bring you bronze; instead of stones, I will bring you iron. I will make prosperity your overseer, and vindication your sovereign ruler. 18 Sounds of violence will no longer be heard in your land, or the sounds of destruction and devastation within your borders. You will name your walls, ‘Deliverance’ and your gates, ‘Praise.’ 19 The sun will no longer supply light for you by day, nor will the moon’s brightness shine on you; the Lord will be your permanent source of light—the splendor of your God will shine upon you.⁠ 20 Your sun will no longer set; your moon will not disappear; the Lord will be your permanent source of light; your time of sorrow will be over. 21 All your people will be godly; they will possess the land permanently. I will plant them like a shoot; they will be the product of my labor, through whom I reveal my splendor.⁠ 22 The least of you will multiply into a thousand; the smallest of you will become a large nation. When the right time comes, I the Lord will quickly do this!”⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 60:16 and LXX Isaiah 60:16

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Isaiah 60 describes Israel nursing at the breasts of foreign kings, using this imagery to depict national reversal and dominance. The Greek Septuagint replaces this with a reference to enjoying the riches of kings, removing the bodily metaphor.

Passages

Isaiah 60:16

Hebrew Bible
15 You were once abandoned and despised, with no one passing through, but I will make you a permanent source of pride and joy to coming generations. 16 You will drink the milk of nations; you will nurse at the breasts of kings. Then you will recognize that I, the Lord, am your Deliverer, your Protector, the Powerful One of Jacob. 17 Instead of bronze, I will bring you gold; instead of iron, I will bring you silver; instead of wood, I will bring you bronze; instead of stones, I will bring you iron. I will make prosperity your overseer, and vindication your sovereign ruler.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

LXX Isaiah 60:16

Septuagint
15 Because you have become desolate and hated, and there was no helper, therefore I will make you a perpetual gladness, a joy of many generations. 16 And you shall suck the milk of the Gentiles, and shall eat the wealth of kings: and shall know that I am the Lord that saves you and delivers you, the God of Israel. 17 And for brass I will bring you gold, and for iron I will bring you silver, and instead of wood I will bring you brass, and instead of stones, iron; and I will appoint your rulers in peace, and your overseers in righteousness.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

References

"... The nationalistic strands running through this narrative indicate that the wealth is brought out of a sense of coercion. Foreign citizens and kings are pressed into service verse 10; 'to serve'), kings are led in procession (verse 11; passive participle of 'to drive'), and Israel’s oppressors bow in submission (verse 14). At the height of nationalistic language is the spectacular image of foreign kings being pressed into service as nursemaids for Israelite children; in a likely play on words. Isaiah writes that Israel will suck the milk of the nations; (verse 16) and nurse at the breast of kings. The LXX attempts to soften this to “eat the riches of kings”; (compare Isaiah 61:6) ..."
Charles E. Cruise, “The 'Weath of the Nations': A Study in the Intertextuality of Isaiah 60:5,11,” JETS 5.8 (2015): 283–297.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 60:16 and LXX Isaiah 60:16

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