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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 42

1 “Here is my servant whom I support,⁠ my chosen one in whom I take pleasure.⁠ I have placed my Spirit on him; he will make just decrees for the nations.⁠ 2 He will not cry out or shout; he will not publicize himself in the streets. 3 A crushed reed he will not break, a dim wick he will not extinguish; he will faithfully make just decrees. 4 He will not grow dim or be crushed before establishing justice on the earth; the coastlands will wait in anticipation for his decrees.”⁠ 5 This is what the true God, the Lord, says—the one who created the sky and stretched it out, the one who fashioned the earth and everything that lives on it, the one who gives breath to the people on it, and life to those who live on it:⁠ 6 “I, the Lord, officially commission you; I take hold of your hand. I protect you and make you a covenant mediator⁠ for people and a light to the nations,⁠ 7 to open blind eyes, to release prisoners from dungeons, those who live in darkness from prisons.⁠ 8 “I am the Lord! That is my name! I will not share my glory with anyone else or the praise due me with idols.⁠ 9 Look, my earlier predictive oracles have come to pass; now I announce new events. Before they begin to occur, I reveal them to you.” 10 Sing to the Lord a brand new song!⁠ Praise him from the horizon of the earth,⁠ you who go down to the sea and everything that lives in it, your coastlands and those who live there. 11 Let the wilderness and its cities shout out, the towns where the nomads of Kedar live. Let the residents of Sela shout joyfully; let them shout loudly from the mountaintops. 12 Let them give the Lord the honor he deserves; let them praise his deeds in the coastlands. 13 The Lord emerges like a hero, like a man of war27 he inspires himself for battle;⁠ he shouts, yes, he yells, he shows his enemies his power.⁠ 14 “I have been inactive for a long time; I kept quiet and held back. Like a woman in labor I groan; I pant and gasp. 15 I will make the trees on the mountains and hills wither up; I will dry up all their vegetation. I will turn streams into islands and dry up pools of water.⁠ 16 I will lead the blind along an unfamiliar way; I will guide them down paths they have never traveled. I will turn the darkness in front of them into light and level out the rough ground. This is what I will do for them. I will not abandon them. 17 Those who trust in idols will turn back and be utterly humiliated, those who say to metal images, ‘You are our gods.’ 18 “Listen, you deaf ones! Take notice, you blind ones! 19 My servant is truly blind, my messenger is truly deaf. My covenant partner, the servant of the Lord, is truly blind. 20 You see many things, but don’t comprehend; their ears are open, but do not hear.” 21 The Lord wanted to exhibit his justice by magnifying his law and displaying it. 22 But these people are looted and plundered; all of them are trapped in pits and held captive in prisons. They were carried away as loot with no one to rescue them; they were carried away as plunder, and no one says, “Bring that back!” 23 Who among you will pay attention to this? Who will listen attentively in the future? 24 Who handed Jacob over to the robber? Who handed Israel over to the looters? Was it not the Lord, against whom we sinned? They refused to follow his commands; they disobeyed his law. 25 So he poured out his fierce anger on them, along with the devastation of war. Its flames encircled them, but they did not realize it; it burned against them, but they did not take it to heart.

Texts in conversation

Compare Exodus 15:3 and Isaiah 42:13

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 42 describes God as a warrior going out to battle, echoing Exodus 15 where the same description appears in the Song at the Sea following the defeat of Pharaoh’s army. This language reinforces Isaiah’s description of a second exodus.

Passages

Exodus 15:3

Hebrew Bible
1 Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the Lord. They said, “I will sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously, the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea. 2 The Lord is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation. This is my God, and I will praise him, my father’s God, and I will exalt him. 3 The Lord is a man of war10— the Lord is his name. 4 The chariots of Pharaoh and his army he has thrown into the sea, and his chosen officers were drowned in the Red Sea.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Exodus

Isaiah 42:13

Hebrew Bible
12 Let them give the Lord the honor he deserves; let them praise his deeds in the coastlands. 13 The Lord emerges like a hero, like a man of war27 he inspires himself for battle; he shouts, yes, he yells, he shows his enemies his power. 14 “I have been inactive for a long time; I kept quiet and held back. Like a woman in labor I groan; I pant and gasp.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

"... Allusion to this Exodus typology is not always as overt as in these passages. The description of Yahveh as is milhama, 'a warrior,' in Isaiah 42:13 is paralleled only in the Song at the Papyrus Sea (Exodus 15:3), which also ends with the acclamation of Yahveh as king (Exodus 15:18 compare Isaiah 52:7). The prediction that the descendants of the deportees will not leave their exile in haste (52:12), following an explicit reference to the Exodus (verses 3-4), echoes Exodus 12:11 and Deuteronomy 16:3, the command to eat the Passover in haste (behippazon, only in these three texts) ..."
Joseph Blenkinsopp, Isaiah 40–55: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary (New York: Doubleday, 2002), 112.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Exodus 15:3 and Isaiah 42:13

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