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Hosea

About this book
Chapter 13

1 When Ephraim spoke, there was terror; he was exalted in Israel, but he became guilty by worshiping Baal and died. 2 Even now they persist in sin! They make metal images for themselves, idols that they skillfully fashion from their own silver; all of them are nothing but the work of craftsmen. There is a saying about them: “Those who sacrifice to the calf idol are calf kissers!” 3 Therefore they will disappear like the morning mist, like early morning dew that evaporates, like chaff that is blown away from a threshing floor, like smoke that disappears through an open window. 4 But I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt.⁠ Therefore, you must not acknowledge any God but me.⁠ Except for me there is no Savior.⁠ 5 I cared for you in the wilderness, in the dry desert where no water was. 6 When they were fed, they became satisfied; when they were satisfied, they became proud; as a result, they forgot me!⁠ 7 So I will pounce on them like a lion; like a leopard I will lurk by the path. 8 I will attack them like a bear robbed of her cubs—I will rip open their chests. I will devour them there like a lion—like a wild animal would tear them apart.⁠ 9 I will destroy you, O Israel! Who is there to help you? 10 Where then is your king, that he may save you in all your cities? Where are your rulers for whom you asked, saying, “Give me a king and princes”? 11 I granted you a king in my anger, and I will take him away in my wrath! 12 The punishment of Ephraim has been decreed; his punishment is being stored up for the future. 13 The labor pains of a woman will overtake him, but the baby will lack wisdom; when the time arrives, he will not come out of the womb! 14 Will I deliver them from the power of Sheol? No, I will not! Will I redeem them from death? No, I will not! O Death, bring on your plagues! O Sheol, bring on your destruction! My eyes will not show any compassion!⁠ 15 Even though he flourishes like a reed plant, a scorching east wind will come, a wind from the Lord rising up from the desert. As a result, his spring will dry up; his well will become dry. That wind will spoil all his delightful foods in the containers in his storehouse. 16 (14:1) Samaria will be held guilty because she rebelled against her God. They will fall by the sword; their infants will be dashed to the ground—their pregnant women will be ripped open.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Hosea 13:4 and LXX Hosea 13:4

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Hosea 13 identifies God as the one who brought Israel out of Egypt. The Greek Septuagint translation adds many details to the text, emphasizing God as the creator, which may be based on a specific Hebrew version found in the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Passages

Hosea 13:4

Hebrew Bible
3 Therefore they will disappear like the morning mist, like early morning dew that evaporates, like chaff that is blown away from a threshing floor, like smoke that disappears through an open window. 4 But I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt. Therefore, you must not acknowledge any God but me. Except for me there is no Savior. 5 I cared for you in the wilderness, in the dry desert where no water was. 6 When they were fed, they became satisfied; when they were satisfied, they became proud; as a result, they forgot me!
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hosea

LXX Hosea 13:4

Septuagint
3 Therefore they will be as a morning cloud, and as the early dew that passes away, as chaff blown away from the threshing floor, and as a vapor from locusts. 4 But I am the Lord your God that establishes the heaven, and creates the earth, whose hands have framed the whole host of heaven: but I did not show them to you that you should go after them: and I brought you up out of the land of Egypt, and you shall know no God but me; and there is no Savior beside me. 5 I tended you as a shepherd in the wilderness, in an uninhabited land. 6 According to their pastures, so they were completely filled; and their hearts were exalted; therefore they forgot me.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Hosea

References

"... Occasionally, LXX pluses are confirmed by pre-Masoretic Hebrew texts: the uncharacteristic expansion in Hosea 13:4 (stressing creation; compare Amos 4:13) is attested in 4QXIIc, the smaller plus in Amos 1:3 has a Hebrew counterpart in 5QXIIAmos and the pluses in Nahum 1:14; 3:8 are perhaps present in 4QpNah. But usually, it is an open question whether or not substantial alterations, as distinct from minor adjustments for clarification or harmonization, are the work of the translator. In fact, substantial pluses are rare in XII; apart from Hosea 13:4, the most notable occur in Haggai 2:9, 14; Malachi 1:1 ..."
Jennifer M. Dines, “The Minor Prophets,” in The T&T Clark Companion to the Septuagint, ed. James K. Aitken, Bloomsbury Companions (London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015), 442.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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