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Genesis

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Abraham and Sarah in Gerar

Chapter 20

1 Abraham journeyed from there to the Negev region and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he lived as a temporary resident in Gerar, 2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.”⁠ So Abimelech, king of Gerar, sent for Sarah and took her.⁠ 3 But God appeared to Abimelech in a dream at night⁠ and said to him, “You are as good as dead because of the woman you have taken, for she is someone else’s wife.” 4 Now Abimelech had not gone near her. He said, “Lord, would you really slaughter an innocent nation? 5 Did Abraham not say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, ‘He is my brother.’ I have done this with a clear conscience and with innocent hands!” 6 Then in the dream God replied to him, “Yes, I know that you have done this with a clear conscience. That is why I have kept you from sinning against me and why I did not allow you to touch her.⁠ 7 But now give back the man’s wife. Indeed he is a prophet and he will pray for you; thus you will live. But if you don’t give her back, know that you will surely die along with all who belong to you.” 8 Early in the morning Abimelech summoned all his servants. When he told them about all these things, they were terrified. 9 Abimelech summoned Abraham and said to him, “What have you done to us? What sin did I commit against you that would cause you to bring such great guilt on me and my kingdom? You have done things to me that should not be done!” 10 Then Abimelech asked Abraham, “What prompted you to do this thing?” 11 Abraham replied, “Because I thought, ‘Surely no one fears God in this place. They will kill me because of my wife.’ 12 What’s more, she is indeed my sister, my father’s daughter, but not my mother’s daughter. She became my wife.⁠ 13 When God made me wander from my father’s house, I told her, ‘This is what you can do to show your loyalty to me: Every place we go, say about me, “He is my brother.”’” 14 So Abimelech gave sheep, cattle, and male and female servants to Abraham. He also gave his wife Sarah back to him. 15 Then Abimelech said, “Look, my land is before you; live wherever you please.” 16 To Sarah he said, “Look, I have given 1,000 pieces of silver to your ‘brother.’ This is compensation for you so that you will stand vindicated before all who are with you.” 17 Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, as well as his wife and female slaves so that they were able to have children.⁠ 18 For the Lord had caused infertility to strike every woman in the household of Abimelech because he took Sarah, Abraham’s wife.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 20:2 and LXX Genesis 20:2

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

The Greek Septuagint translation of Genesis 20 adds that Abraham called Sarah his sister because he feared being killed if people knew she was his wife. The Hebrew does not explain this, suggesting the translator wanted to explain Abraham’s actions.

Passages

Genesis 20:2

Hebrew Bible
1 Abraham journeyed from there to the Negev region and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he lived as a temporary resident in Gerar, 2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.” So Abimelech, king of Gerar, sent for Sarah and took her. 3 But God appeared to Abimelech in a dream at night and said to him, “You are as good as dead because of the woman you have taken, for she is someone else’s wife.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

LXX Genesis 20:2

Septuagint
1 And Abraham removed from there to the southern country, and lived between Kadesh and Shur, and stayed in Gerar. 2 And Abraham said concerning Sarah his wife, She is my sister, for he feared to say, She is my wife, for fear that at any time the men of the city should kill him for her sake. So Abimelech king of Gerar sent and took Sarah. 3 And God came to Abimelech by night in sleep, and said, Look, you die for the woman, whom you have taken, whereas she has lived with a husband.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

References

"... scholars believed that the translation (LXX Genesis) was made from a text close to Masoretic text... “These Notes are also based on the presupposition that the parent text being translated was in the main much like the consonantal text of the Masoretic text.” Likewise, Wevers ascribed the long addition in LXX Genesis 20:2 to the translator: “Once again it illustrates the intelligent approach Genesis took in interpreting his parent text; the text simply had to make sense” ..."
Emanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible, Qumran, Septuagint: Collected Essays, VTSup 167 (Leiden: Brill, 2015), 3:170.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 20:2 and LXX Genesis 20:2

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