Texts in Conversation
In Psalm 118, the psalmist sings that the stone the builders discarded became the cornerstone. In Mark, Jesus quotes it and asks if his hearers have read this scripture; in the Gospel of Thomas, Jesus says it as his own, with no mention of scripture.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Psalm 118:22
Hebrew Bible
21 I will give you thanks, for you answered me, and have become my deliverer. 22 The stone that the builders discarded has become the cornerstone. 23 This is the Lord’s work. We consider it amazing!
Mark 12:10
New Testament
9 What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy those tenants and give the vineyard to others. 10 Have you not read this scripture: “‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. 11 This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?”
Gospel of Thomas 1:66
Nag Hammadi
65 He said, “A good man owned a vineyard and leased it to some farmers to work it and he might receive its fruit from them. He sent his servant so that the farmers might give him the fruit of the vineyard. They seized his servant, beat him, and almost killed him, and the servant returned and told his master. His master said, ‘Perhaps they did not recognize him.’ He sent another servant. The farmers beat that one as well. Then the owner sent his son and said, ‘Perhaps they will show respect to my son.’ The farmers knew that he was the heir of the vineyard. They seized him and killed him. Whoever has ears should hear.” 66 Jesus said, “Show me the stone that the builders rejected; that is the cornerstone.” 67 Jesus said, “Whoever knows all but lacks within himself lacks everything.”
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Notes and References
“... On the other hand, the “ghost” of the double conclusion haunts Thomas’ reductive redaction. In a sense, we still find two endings, however much disguised. The first conclusion, the riddling “Let him who has ears hear,” replaces the clarifying conclusion that prophesies the destruction of Jerusalem. The second conclusion remains hidden in clear sight, despite its transformation into a separate saying of Jesus, a transformation that obliterates the opening rhetorical question with its citation formula (“Or have you not read this Scripture?”). As is his tendency here as elsewhere, Thomas follows Luke, who takes over from Mark only v 22 from LXX Ps 117:22–23. Of course, for Thomas there can be no question of the fulfillment of OT prophecy, let alone Jesus citing OT prophecy to show that it is fulfilled in his own life and fate. Such a prophecy-fulfillment pattern is explicitly rejected by the Thomasine Jesus in logion 52. Instead, Thomas creates a separate logion, introduced by the formulaic peje is (“Jesus said”). The prophecy becomes a riddling challenge of Jesus: “Show me the stone that the builders rejected; it is the cornerstone.” All sense that Jesus is citing an OT text is lost, intentionally so. ...”
Meier, John P.
A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus, Volume 5: Probing the Authenticity of the Parables
(pp. 123-124) Yale University Press, 2016
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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