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Deuteronomy commands Israel to bind God’s words on their hand and forehead by wearing tefillin. Rabbinic tradition in tractate Berakhot describes God himself wearing tefillin, inscribed with verses praising Israel as a unique nation in the world.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

Deuteronomy 6:8

Hebrew Bible
7 and you must teach them to your children and speak of them as you sit in your house, as you walk along the road, as you lie down, and as you get up. 8 You should tie them as a reminder on your forearm and fasten them as symbols on your forehead. 9 Inscribe them on the doorframes of your houses and gates.
Date: 6th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)

Berakhot 6a

Babylonian Talmud
Rabbinic
The Gemara asks: Since the Divine Presence rests even upon three, is it necessary to mention ten? The Gemara answers: The Divine Presence arrives before a group of ten, as the verse: “God stands in the congregation of God,” indicates that when the ten individuals who comprise a congregation arrive, the Divine Presence is already there. For a group of three judges, however, the Divine Presence does not arrive until they sit and begin their deliberations, as in the midst of the judges He judges. God aids them in their judgment, but does not arrive before them. The Gemara cites another aggadic statement: Rabbi Avin bar Rav Adda said that Rabbi Yitzḥak said: From where is it derived that the Holy One, Blessed be He, wears phylacteries? As it is stated: “The Lord has sworn by His right hand, and by the arm of His strength” (Isaiah 62:8). Since it is customary to swear upon holy objects, it is understood that His right hand and the arm of His strength are the holy objects upon which God swore. Specifically, “His right hand” refers to the Torah, as it is stated in describing the giving of the Torah: “From His right hand, a fiery law for His people” (Deuteronomy 33:2). “The arm of His strength,” His left hand, refers to phylacteries, as it is stated: “The Lord gave strength to His nation” (Psalms 29:11), in the form of the mitzva of phylacteries.
Date: 450-550 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#5475
“... But the tallit was not God’s only ritual accessory. Some rabbis also claimed God wore tefillin—small pouches or boxes containing tiny scrolls bearing holy words found in portions of Exodus and Deuteronomy. Fixed to the head and the left arm (or the right for left-handed people), they appear to have been in use among Jewish groups from as early as the second century BCE, and are still worn in prayer by Jewish men (and, increasingly, some women) today. These sacred objects manifest obedience to one of the most authoritative of divine instructions in the book of Deuteronomy—an instruction which itself appears in one of the tiny scrolls contained in the tefillin boxes... According to teaching passed on by the fourth-century CE Rabbi Avin, evidence indicating that God wore tefillin was to be found in selected verses in Deuteronomy, Isaiah and the Psalms... To a reader unfamiliar with the interpretative gymnastics of rabbinic scriptural exposition, Rabbi Avin’s argument looks impenetrably esoteric. But it is the dynamic corporeal image of God’s body, conjured by the rabbi’s comfortable insistence that God wears tefillin, that is more striking. It is highly unlikely the rabbis of antiquity would have imagined these sacred objects magically appearing on God’s body in a sudden blinding flash or a mysterious puff of smoke. Instead, they naturally assumed that God did what they did: he bound a pouch containing a portion of the Torah onto his upper arm with a long strip of leather, winding the strap down his arm and around his hand. ...”
Stavrakopoulou, Francesca God: An Anatomy (pp. 297-298) Picador, 2022

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