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The Aramaic Targum of Isaiah 5 adds a detail, not found in the Hebrew, that despite judgment the people do not repent. This resembles Revelation 9, where even after plagues, people continue to sin. Revelation may echo a similar Aramaic tradition.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Isaiah 5:25
Hebrew Bible
24 Therefore, as flaming fire devours straw and dry grass disintegrates in the flames, so their root will rot, and their flower will blow away like dust. For they have rejected the law of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, they have spurned the commands of the Holy One of Israel. 25 So the Lord is furious with his people; he lifts his hand and strikes them. The mountains shake, and corpses lie like manure in the middle of the streets. Despite all this, his anger does not subside, and his hand is ready to strike again. 26 He lifts a signal flag for a distant nation, he whistles for it to come from the far regions of the earth. Look, they come quickly and swiftly.
Jonathan Isaiah 5:25
Targum
24 Therefore they will be devoured like stubble in the fire and like dry hay in the flame; their strength is multiplying, but it will be like an ulcer, and the money of their oppression like the dust that flies away; because they despised the Torah of the LORD of hosts and rejected the Memra, the Holy One of Israel. 25 Therefore the anger of the LORD of hosts is mighty against His people, and He has lifted the stroke of His power upon them. When He struck them, the mountains moved, and their carcasses were cast out like dung in the midst of the streets. For all this they do not turn away from their sins, that His fury might turn away from them; but until now their rebellion grows stronger, and His stroke is again to take vengeance on them. 26 And He will lift up a banner to the nations from far away, and He will call him from the end of the earth; and a king with his army will come swiftly, like light clouds.
Revelation 9:20
New Testament
19 For the power of the horses resides in their mouths and in their tails because their tails are like snakes, having heads that inflict injuries. 20 The rest of humanity, who had not been killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands so that they did not stop worshiping demons and idols made of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood—idols that cannot see or hear or walk about. 21 Furthermore, they did not repent of their murders, of their magic spells, of their sexual immorality, or of their stealing.
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Notes and References
"... God's “judgment” (verse 16), however, is such that “the righteous” will possess the wealth of the wicked (verse 17). Promise, therefore, balances threat (compare 4:2–4:6). But the threat is still there for those who multiply “sins,” tempting “wonders” from God, and perverting the just order — they will suffer by the same law which the “righteous” enjoy (verses 18–20). Their “possessions” are a particular object of God's wrath (verses 22, 24) as well as their extortion in legal matters (verse 23). (In respect of the phrase “mammon of deceit,” compare Luke 16:9, 11. Yet despite God’s righteous anger (verses 24–25), repentance seems all the further from them (verse 25, compare Revelation 9:20, 21; 16:9, 11) ..."
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