"... The turning of the nations to the god of Israel was yet another event anticipated at the End. Well-represented in biblical prophetic texts—Isaiah 25.6 (Israel and the nations gathered at the temple mount sharing a common meal); Micah 4.1–2; and Zechariah 8.23 — this expectation swells to a major theme in many Jewish writings of the late Second Temple period. Thus the Psalm of Solomon expects that at the End, the nations themselves will carry the exiles back to Jerusalem (7.31–41). Repudiating their idols, “all people shall direct their sight to the path of uprightness” (1 Enoch 91.14). “All the nations will turn in fear to the Lord God ... and bury their idols,” prophesies Tobit (14.6). Note: the word turning here does not mean or imply “converting.” According to these traditions, the nations do not “become” Jews at the End. In turning to Israel’s god, these eschatological gentiles preserve their particular ethnicities as gentiles. They just do not worship idols anymore. This is precisely what Paul’s gentiles have already done: “You turned to God from idols,” he tells the community of Thessalonika, “to serve a living and true god” in advance of the fast-approaching End (1 Thes 1.9–10) ..."