Texts in Conversation
Psalm 22 portrays a sufferer rescued from disgrace who vows to honor God. John uses similar language when the Jesus calls his followers brothers after his resurrection, connecting his own vindication to their restoration. In an honor-shame culture, this fulfills the psalm’s movement from humiliation to public praise.
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Psalm 22:22
Hebrew Bible
20 Deliver me from the sword. Save my life from the claws of the wild dogs. 21 Rescue me from the mouth of the lion and from the horns of the wild oxen. You have answered me. 22 I will declare your name to my countrymen. In the middle of the assembly I will praise you. 23 You loyal followers of the Lord, praise him. All you descendants of Jacob, honor him. All you descendants of Israel, stand in awe of him. 24 For he did not despise or detest the suffering of the oppressed. He did not ignore him; when he cried out to him, he responded.
Date: 6th-3rd Centuries B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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John 20:17
New Testament
15 Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” Because she thought he was the gardener, she said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have put him, and I will take him.” 16 Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to him in Aramaic, “Rabboni” (which means “Teacher”). 17 Jesus replied, “Do not touch me, for I have not yet ascended to my Father. Go to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’” 18 Mary Magdalene came and informed the disciples, “I have seen the Lord!” And she told them what Jesus had said to her. 19 On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the disciples had gathered together and locked the doors of the place because they were afraid of the Jewish leaders. Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, “Peace be with you.”
Date: 90-110 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... David is confident of God's help and makes a vow to praise Him (verses 22-26[23-27]). He presents a vision that the Gentiles will join him in praising God (verses 27-31[28-32]). His commitment to praise God is spoken of in verse 22[23] ... The author of Hebrews comments on the significance of Jesus' suffering in 2:9-10: Christ was crowned with glory and honor after the suffering which He had taken on Himself for all people were brought to glory through His suffering. Then he quotes Psalm 22:22[23] and applies it to Jesus Christ ... The author of Hebrews emphasizes that Psalm 22:22[23] is to be understood as a prediction of Christ's mission. The psalm is fulfilled through Him, especially through His death and resurrection. Though the speaker of Psalm 22:22[23] is primarily David the ultimate speaker is the coming Messiah. The mission of the Messiah will be directed to His brothers and the assembly. The 'brothers' of the Messiah are described in the New Testament: (1) those who do the will of God (Matt. 12:50), (2) the disciples of Jesus (Matt. 28:10; John 20:17), and (3) those who are called and justified by God, namely, the believers (Rom. 8:29) ..."
Kim, Young Jin
Jesus and the Gentiles in the Gospel of Matthew: A Historical Study of the Redemption Motif
(pp. 26-27) Doctor of Theology Dissertation, 114, 1992
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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