The evil eye describes a widespread ancient belief. still common in many modern cultures, that misfortune can be caused when someone directs envy, resentment, or excessive attention toward another person. This harm may be thought to occur deliberately or unintentionally and is often associated with vulnerability created by prosperity, beauty, or public notice. The concept appears across many cultures and periods as a way of explaining sudden illness, failure, or loss. Practices connected to the evil eye commonly focus on avoidance, protection, or reversal rather than punishment.
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References
- Witherington, Ben, Grace in Galatia: A Commentary on St. Paul’s Letter to the Galatians
- Elliott, John H., "The Evil Eye" in Crook, Zeba A., (ed.) The Ancient Mediterranean Social World: A Sourcebook
- Viljoen, Francois P., A Contextualized Reading of Matthew 6:22-23: Your Eye is the Lamp of Your Body
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