Testament of Judah 20
Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs
Pseudepigrapha
So understand this, my children: two spirits are always present with a person—the spirit of truth and the spirit of deceit. Between them is the spirit of understanding, which belongs to the mind and has the freedom to choose whatever it wants. The actions inspired by truth and those by deceit are written on every person’s heart, and the Lord knows them all. There is never a moment when our deeds can be hidden, because they are recorded on the heart itself before the Lord. The spirit of truth reveals everything and brings all to account; and the sinner is condemned by his own heart, unable to lift his face before the Judge.
Date: 100 B.C.E. - 100 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Source
John 16:11
New Testament
8 And when he comes, he will prove the world wrong concerning sin and righteousness and judgment— 9 concerning sin because they do not believe in me; 10 concerning righteousness because I am going to the Father and you will see me no longer; 11 and concerning judgment because the ruler of this world has been condemned. 12 “I have many more things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now. 13 But when he, the Spirit of truth, comes, he will guide you into all truth. For he will not speak on his own authority, but will speak whatever he hears and will tell you what is to come.
Date: 90-110 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Source
Notes and References
"... The Johannine Paraclete and the Holy Spirit in the Pauline epistles represent yet another Christian development of Jewish angelology, not least in its Qumranic forms. In the Fourth Gospel “the Holy Spirit,” “the Helper”, “the Spirit of Truth,” is the opponent of the world and of the demonic ruler of the world (see especially John 16:11), the protagonist of Jesus (John 15:26; 16:9–10, 14), and the heaven-sent guide of the children of God (John 14:26; 16:13). This Johannine conception reflects the Jewish idea of a single heavenly protagonist and especially the terminology of Qumran and Testament of Judah 20. It diverges from Jewish ideas in the specific linking of the Paraclete with the person of Jesus ..."
Nickelsburg, George W. E.
A Commentary on the Book of 1 Enoch Chapters 1-36, 81-108
(p. 210) Fortress Press, 2001
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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