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In Psalm 147, God counts and names the stars. In 3 Enoch, Metatron tells Ishmael their names as they fly from the throne, allowing the human visitor to learn what the psalm describes as God's knowledge.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Psalms 147:4
Hebrew Bible
3 He heals the brokenhearted and bandages their wounds. 4 He counts the number of the stars; he names all of them. 5 Our Lord is great and has awesome power; there is no limit to his wisdom. 6 The Lord lifts up the oppressed, but knocks the wicked to the ground. 7 Offer to the Lord a song of thanks. Sing praises to our God to the accompaniment of a harp. 8 He covers the sky with clouds, provides the earth with rain, and causes grass to grow on the hillsides. 9 He gives food to the animals and to the young ravens when they chirp.
3 Enoch 46:2
Hebrew Book of Enoch
Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
I walked by his side, and he took me by his hand and pointed out all to me with his fingers. And they were standing on sparks of flames round the Merkaba of the Almighty (MAQOM). What did Metatron do? At that moment he clapped his hands and chased them off from their place. At once they flew off on flaming wings, rose and fled from the four sides of the Throne of the Merkaba, and (as they flew) he told me the names of every single one. As it is written (Ps. cxlvii. 4): "He tells the number of the stars; he gives them all their names", teaching, that the Holy One, blessed be He, has given a name to each one of them.
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Notes and References
“... Although the figure in Aseneth and Metatron in 3 Enoch share numerous similari-
ties that may be explained by their common angelic nature, two scenes in 3
Enoch
exhibit more than passing similiarity to scenes in Aseneth.
In 3 Enoch 46, Metatron
proposes to show the visionary Ishmael "the spirits of the stars—which stand like
fiery sparks around the chariot of the Omnipresent One." whereupon he shows Ish-
mael a scene quite similar to the scene in Aseneth 16, where the angel instructs the
bees to fly to their places:
What did Metatron do? At once he clapped his hands and chased them all from their
places. Immediately they flew up on wings of flame and fled to the four sides of the throne
of the chariot, and he told me the name of each of them, as it is written, He counts the num-
ber of the stars and gives each of them a name. [Ps 147.4]
The second scene is 3 Enoch 43, which depicts the souls of the righteous that have
returned to the presence of God and those that have not yet been created, to which I
will return later. ...”
Kraemer, Ross S.
When Aseneth Met Joseph: A Late Antique Tale of the Biblical Patriarch and His Egyptian Wife, Reconsidered
(pp. 125-126) Oxford University Press, 1998
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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