“... While the Hebrew text of Psalm 91 asserts that those who God protects will not need to fear darkness or agricultural destruction, the Aramaic version is replete with references to demons of various kinds: [...] Matthew’s use of Ps 91:11-12 in Mt 4:6 has affinities with the targumic references to demons insofar as the evangelist puts the psalm on the lips of “the devil” [...], also called “Satan” [...]. The devil takes Jesus to the highest point of the Temple and tells him, “If you are the Son of God… throw yourself down. For it is written, ‘He will command his angels concerning you, and they will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone’ (Ps 91:11-12).” The fact that Gospel has the devil cite Psalm 91 not only shows that its writer understands the psalm similarly to the targumist—i.e., as a text associated with demonic forces—but also that Matthew recalls the verses prior to those quoted, which state that “you shall not be afraid” of said demons (cf. TgPs 91:5-6): Matthew has Satan recite a psalm that, in its targumic translation, explicitly takes authority away from him so that there is no reason for Matthew’s Jesus, or Matthew’s readers, to be afraid of the devil. However, where the similarities between Matthew and the Targum end, differences begin: (1) the Targum references multiple demons, whereas Matthew has a single devil; (2) Matthew cites words (v. 12) of the psalm that do not contain reference to demons in the Targum; (3) the evangelist applies this verse to Jesus, “Son of God,” but the Targum has no reference to any kind of messianic or divine figure. ...”