Texts in Conversation

Exodus 32 uses the burning, grinding, and scattering applied to Mot in the Baal Cycle to describe the golden calf's destruction, treating Israel's idol like a defeated divine enemy.
Share:
2500 BCE
1000+ CE

KTU 1.6 II:34

Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East, Ugaritic
I approached Valiant Baal; I set him like a lamb in my mouth; like a kid he was crushed in my jaws. Shapshu, Lamp of the Gods, glowed hot; the heavens grew weak at the hand of divine Mot. A day, two days passed; from days to months. The Maiden Anat sought him. Like the heart of a cow for her calf, like the heart of a ewe for her lamb, so was the heart of Anat after Baal. She seized divine Mot. With a sword she split him; with a sieve she winnowed him; in fire she burned him; with millstones she ground him; in the field she sowed him. His flesh was eaten by birds; his portions were consumed by fowl. Flesh cried out to flesh.
Date: 1350 - 1185 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Exodus 32:20

Hebrew Bible
17 When Joshua heard the noise of the people as they shouted, he said to Moses, “It is the sound of war in the camp!” 18 Moses said, “It is not the sound of those who shout for victory, nor is it the sound of those who cry because they are overcome, but the sound of singing I hear.” 19 When he approached the camp and saw the calf and the dancing, Moses became extremely angry. He threw the tablets from his hands and broke them to pieces at the bottom of the mountain. 20 He took the calf they had made and burned it in the fire, ground it to powder, poured it out on the water, and made the Israelites drink it. 21 Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people do to you, that you have brought on them so great a sin?”
Date: 5th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
Search:

Notes and References

#6771
“... Môt, having returned to life, recounts his suffering at the time of his killing. The first version (KTU 1.6 ii:30–36) reads as follows: tiẖd bn ilm mt bḥrb tbqʿnn, bẖtr tdrynn, bišt tšrpnn, brḥm tṭḥnn, bšd tdrʿnn, širh ltikl ʿṣrm ‘she seized Môt, son of Il, cleaved him with a sword, winnowed him with a sieve, burned him in fire, ground him with a millstone, scattered him in a field, his flesh the birds ate.” [...] The common images and identical verbs in the description of the destruction of Mot and that of destroying the golden calf are: takl, eat; lqḥ = ʾẖd, take; šrp, burn; ṭḥn, grind; and drʿ, scatter (in the sea), in one version, and being eaten by birds on the other. The Exodus version might have preserved the image of “being eaten” while the Deuteronomic version may have preserved the image of “being scattered in the sea.” It seems that both accounts, the Ugaritic about Môt and the biblical about the golden calf, are not to be taken literally, for their purpose is to describe total destruction without regard for the factual applicability of the actions involved (burning and grinding). ...”

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

Your Feedback:

Leave a Comment

Do you have questions or comments about these texts? Please submit them here.

Anonymous comments are welcome. All comments are subject to moderation.

User Comments

,

Find Similar Texts

Search by the same Books

Search by the same Reference

Compare the same Books

Compare the same Text Groups

Go to Intertext