Texts in Conversation

Isaiah shares Ugaritic invitations to food and wine that promise renewed life, making God's generosity the basis for hope after exile.
Share:
2500 BCE
1000+ CE

KTU 1.17 VI:26

Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
And Aqhat the hero answers: “The finest […] in Lebanon, the finest sinews from wild oxen, the finest horns from ibexes, […] from the hocks of a bull, the finest reeds from the […] thicket: give them to Kothar-wa-Hasis; he will make a bow for Anat, arrows for the Sister-in-law of the Peoples.” And there answers Virgin Anat: “Ask for life, Aqhat the hero, ask for life, and I will give it to you, deathlessness, and I will bestow it on you. I will make you count years with Baal, with the sons of El you will count months. As Baal, when he gives life, serves a feast for the one revived, serves a feast and gives him drink, sings and chants over him sweetly, and answers him, so I too will give life to Aqhat the hero.” And Aqhat the hero answers:
Date: 1350 - 1185 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

KTU 1.23:6

Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
Let me invoke the gracious gods, and beautiful, sons of Shapshu Let them give a feast to those of high rank, in the wilderness of the end of the world. on their heads, Eat from any of the food, and drink from the vat any wine! Greetings, king, greetings, queen, priests and temple-victuallers The lord and master sat enthroned, in his hand the staff of sterility, in his hand the staff of widowhood. Those who prune the vine pruned him, those who bind the vine bound him; they let his tendril fall like a vine. Seven times shall it be recited on the throne-dais, and the priests are to respond. Now the steppe, the vast steppe is the steppe of Athirat and Rahmay. Over a fire seven times the choristers of fine voice seethe coriander in milk, mint in butter, and over the cauldron seven times let incense be burned.
Date: 1350 - 1185 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Isaiah 55:1

Hebrew Bible
1 “Hey, all who are thirsty, come to the water! You who have no money, come! Buy and eat! Come! Buy wine and milk without money and without cost. 2 Why pay money for something that will not nourish you? Why spend your hard-earned money on something that will not satisfy? Listen carefully to me and eat what is nourishing! Enjoy fine food. 3 Pay attention and come to me. Listen, so you can live. Then I will make an unconditional covenantal promise to you, just like the reliable covenantal promises I made to David. 4 Look, I made him a witness to nations, a ruler and commander of nations.” 5 Look, you will summon nations you did not previously know; nations that did not previously know you will run to you, because of the Lord your God, the Holy One of Israel, for he bestows honor on you.
Date: 7th-5th Centuries B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Search:

Notes and References

#6927
“... the chapter describes the Lord’s invitation to the exiles to leave Babylon and return to Zion to enjoy a rich feast.137 Clifford then draws the analogy to Isa 25:6-8 since exiles are invited back to Zion.138 C. L. Seow has connected the installation of the Ark in Jerusalem and David’s dance and festive meal to this passage. The eschatological banquet is associated with David as a divine warrior who leads a procession to Zion.139 S. Starbuck follows the suggestion of O. Eissfeldt and connects Isa 55:1-5 with Ps 89.140 The meal in Isa 55:1-5 is therefore an expansion on the Davidic enthronement scene in 2 Sam 6-7.141 ... 137R. Clifford, “Isaiah 55: Invitation to a Feast,” The Word of the Lord Shall Go Forth: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Sixtieth Birthday (ed. C. L. Meyers and M. O’Connor; Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1983), 27-35; idem, Fair Spoken and Persuading: An Interpretation of Second Isaiah (New York, N.Y.: Paulist, 1984). Clifford first examines CTA 23 (=UT 52 = KTU 1.23), often thought to be a heiros gamos. In this short text a royal party greets guests by inviting them to partake of bread and wine. Like Isa 55:1, this text begins with ’ay, similar to the Hebrew yi/h. Compare Zech 2:10-11 MT; y/h is repeated twice in an invitation to leave Babylon and return to Zion. A second text has an almost identical invitation (CTA 17 = UT 2 Aqht = KTU 1.17), but the section ends by offering her guests eternal life (Clifford, “Isaiah 55,” 29). ...”

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

Your Feedback:

Leave a Comment

Do you have questions or comments about these texts? Please submit them here.

Anonymous comments are welcome. All comments are subject to moderation.

User Comments

,

Find Similar Texts

Search by the same Books

Compare the same Books

Compare the same Text Groups

Go to Intertext