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Hosea shares Ugaritic comparisons of a god to a lion or leopard, turning a picture of divine strength into a warning that God can attack his own people.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

KTU 1.180:2

Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
Hear, Athtart, the singer's voice I will sing the name of the Lioness, the name […] […] of the mountain of El Leopard […] Athtart Leopard […] she leaps
Date: 1350 - 1185 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)

Hosea 13:8

Hebrew Bible
5 I cared for you in the wilderness, in the dry desert where no water was. 6 When they were fed, they became satisfied; when they were satisfied, they became proud; as a result, they forgot me! 7 So I will pounce on them like a lion; like a leopard I will lurk by the path. 8 I will attack them like a bear robbed of her cubs—I will rip open their chests. I will devour them there like a lion—like a wild animal would tear them apart. 9 I will destroy you, O Israel! Who is there to help you? 10 Where then is your king, that he may save you in all your cities? Where are your rulers for whom you asked, saying, “Give me a king and princes”? 11 I granted you a king in my anger, and I will take him away in my wrath!
Date: 6th Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#6876
“... Th e name of ‘Athtart let my voice sing, may I praise the name of the lion. O name, may you be victorious over . . . may you (or, she) shut the jaw of El’s attackers. A great panther is ‘Athtart, a great panther that pounces. Th is hymnic piece consists of three parallel bicola. Th e combination of the parallel verbs to sing and praise in the fi rst bicolon is regular in biblical psalms (e.g., 101:1; 104:33; cf. 18:49; Pardee 2012: 82–83). Just as praise of ‘Athtart’s name marks the fi rst bicolon of her hymn, so praise of Yahweh’s name serves in the opening of Psalm 29: “Ascribe to the Lord the glory of his name.” Praise of the divine name is an important feature in the frame of Psalm 8 (Ps. 8:2[1]  = 8:10[9]) and for the closing of Psalm 18 (in v. 50[49]). Similarly, blessing of the divine name opens Psalm 103. In the Ugaritic hymn, the god- dess is compared to a lion and a panther. While such an image for Yahweh can be found outside of the Psalter (Hos. 13:8), this biblical book uses lion imagery for enemies who attack the speaker (e.g., Pss. 7:3[2], 10:9; 17:12; 22:14[13], 22[21]). ...”

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