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Exodus shares the Ugaritic pattern of divine help arriving on a seventh day, making Moses' waiting period a completed preparation for meeting God.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
KTU 1.17 I:15
Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
Lo, a day and a second, enrobed, the gods Danel, enrobed, the gods he fed, enrobed, he gave the holy ones to drink. A third, a fourth day, enrobed, the gods Danel, enrobed, the gods he fed, enrobed, he gave the holy ones to drink. A fifth, a sixth day, enrobed, the gods Danel, enrobed, the gods he fed, enrobed, he gave the holy ones to drink. Danel took off his robe; he took off his robe, went up and lay down, he took off his clothes and went to bed. Behold, on the seventh day, Baal drew near in intercession for him, at the misery of Danel, the man of healing, the groaning of the hero, the devotee of Hrnm, who had no son like his brothers, nor scion like his kinsmen!
Exodus 24:16
Hebrew Bible
13 So Moses set out with Joshua his attendant, and Moses went up the mountain of God. 14 He told the elders, “Wait for us in this place until we return to you. Here are Aaron and Hur with you. Whoever has any matters of dispute can approach them.” 15 Moses went up the mountain, and the cloud covered the mountain. 16 The glory of the Lord resided on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it for six days. On the seventh day he called to Moses from within the cloud. 17 Now the appearance of the glory of the Lord was like a devouring fire on the top of the mountain in plain view of the people. 18 Moses went into the cloud when he went up the mountain, and Moses was on the mountain 40 days and 40 nights.
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Notes and References
“... Seven-day units are common in biblical literature. For the scale of numbers
up to ten,4 seven was the number used to mark completion or fulh1ess.5 Seven
days is the length of the joumey in Genesis 31:23.6 It applies also to the time
of the Samson's wedding feast in Judges 14:12-15 and to the period of Job's
lamentation in Job 2:13. It is the number of times the psalmist praises God in
Psalm 119:164 and the number of persons to whom the generous soul is to
make donations in Ecclesiastes 11:2. Seven days was traditional for other
religious pe1iods in both Ugaritic and biblical literature. It was on the seventh
day of Danil's rite in the temple that Baal interceded for him and El blessed
him (KTU 1.17 I 15-16),1 just as it was on the seventh day that God called to
Moses on the cloud-covered mountain (Exodus 24:16).8 In what the biblical
scholar Michael David Coogan cleverly calls a "final parade example," the fall
of Jericho occurred on the seventh day after seven p1iests with seven trumpets
marched seven times around the city (Joshua 6:15-16)0 Seven is also the
well-known number of years of prosperity and scarcity in the Joseph story in
Genesis 41:26-31;10 the best silver is refined seven times according to Psalm
12:6 (MT 7); and seven is the number of abominations harbored in the mind
of the deceitful enemy in Proverbs 26:25. ...”
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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