Texts in Conversation
In the Ugaritic text KTU, the god El hosts a feast and commands the gods to eat and drink until satisfied. Proverbs 9 follows this pattern, with personified Wisdom preparing a banquet and inviting guests to come eat and drink.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
KTU 1.114
Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
Ancient Near East
In his house El gave a feast of game, the produce of the hunt in the midst of his palace. He cried: To the carving, gods! Eat, O gods, and drink! Drink wine until satiety, foaming wine until intoxication! Yarih arched his back like a dog; he gathered up crumbs beneath the tables. Any god who recognized him threw him meat from the joint.
Date: 2300 B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Proverbs 9:5
Hebrew Bible
3 She has sent out her female servants; she calls out on the highest places of the city. 4 “Whoever is naive, let him turn in here.” To those who lack understanding, she has said, 5 “Come, eat some of my food, and drink some of the wine I have mixed. 6 Abandon your foolish ways so that you may live, and proceed in the way of understanding.” 7 Whoever corrects a mocker is asking for insult; whoever reproves a wicked person receives abuse.
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Notes and References
“… the welcome to eat and drink rich foods, wine, and milk, can be seen as an inclusio with paradise imagery at the end of the pericope. God’s salvation brings fullness and plenty. But if one reads more widely in the Deutero-Isaiah tradition and in the Israelite tradition as a whole, 55:12 can be perceived to invoke the banquet motif of the victory-enthronement pattern. A similar invitation to eat and drink is offered by Woman Wisdom in Proverbs 9:5. A figure closely associated with creation in Proverbs 8, God’s “master-builder,” a virtual divine consort, Woman Wisdom existed before there were depths, before mountains were dug out. She builds her house (9:1) and prepares a feast in another biblical example of the victory-enthronement pattern. …”
Niditch, Susan
Oral World and Written Word: Ancient Israelite Literature
(p. 60) Westminster John Knox Press, 1996
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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