Texts in Conversation
Jonah is swallowed by a great fish and prays from its belly until God brings him back to dry land. In 3 Maccabees, Eleazar’s prayer recalls Jonah’s rescue alongside Pharaoh, Sennacherib, and Daniel as proof that God still saves his people.
Share:
2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Jonah 1:17
Hebrew Bible
15 So they picked Jonah up and threw him into the sea, and the sea stopped raging. 16 The men feared the Lord greatly and earnestly vowed to offer lavish sacrifices to the Lord. 17 (2:1) The Lord sent a huge fish to swallow Jonah, and Jonah was in the stomach of the fish three days and three nights.
3 Maccabees 6:8
Pseudepigrapha
7 Daniel, who through envious slanders was thrown down into the ground to lions as food for wild animals, you brought up to the light unharmed. 8 And Jonah, wasting away in the belly of a huge, sea-born monster, you, Father, watched over and restored unharmed to all his family. 9 And now, you who hate insolence, all-merciful and protector of all, reveal yourself quickly to those of the nation of Israel —who are being outrageously treated by the abominable and lawless Gentiles.
Search:
Notes and References
... The deliverance of two more characters in the Hebrew Bible rounds out the quick tour of salvation history. The well-known story of Daniel’s rescue appears in Daniel 6 and with bizarre additional details in Bel and the Dragon 31–42. Daniel serves particularly well as an example of deliverance in the present context because the destruction that threatened him involved beasts (verse 7). The same word was used by Philopator in his threatening rant against Hermon (5:31) and a similar word has been used repeatedly for Philopator’s elephants (5:23, 29, 42, 45, 47). In addition, in the case of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, the punishment that was intended for Daniel was ultimately inflicted on his opponents (Daniel 6:24; Bel 42), again foreshadowing the retribution in 3 Maccabees. The deliverance of Jonah is likewise a useful rhetorical example. “Wasting away” would be an apt description of the emotional deterioration of the Alexandrian Jews over the previous three days. Verse 8 says that God “looked upon” Jonah (rare in the Septuagint, but compare Jonah 4:5), and a similar word is used twice in this very prayer in the imperative (verses 3, 12). Restoration to one’s kin, a feature not mentioned in the biblical account of Jonah (but compare Josephus, Antiquities 9.214), is also a possible outcome in the present context if we remember that not all Jews have been herded into the hippodrome (4:17–18) ...
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
Your Feedback:
Leave a Comment
Anonymous comments are welcome. All comments are subject to moderation.