Texts in Conversation
In Genesis 37, Joseph is sold for twenty pieces of silver and taken down to Egypt. The Letter of Aristeas sets the price for freeing each Jewish slave in Egypt at twenty drachmas, so the release echoes the sale that first brought Israel there.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Genesis 37:28
Hebrew Bible
25 When they sat down to eat their food, they looked up and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were carrying spices, balm, and myrrh down to Egypt. 26 Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is there if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? 27 Come, let’s sell him to the Ishmaelites, but let’s not lay a hand on him, for after all, he is our brother, our own flesh.” His brothers agreed. 28 So when the Midianite merchants passed by, Joseph’s brothers pulled him out of the cistern and sold him to the Ishmaelites for 20 pieces of silver. The Ishmaelites then took Joseph to Egypt.
Letter of Aristeas 1:20
Letter of Aristeas to Philocrates
Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
made to the wages of the soldiers by the amount of the redemption money that twenty drachmae should be paid to the owners for every slave, that a public order should be issued and that registers of the captives should be attached to it. He showed the greatest enthusiasm in the business, for it was God who had brought our purpose to fulfilment in its entirety and constrained him to redeem not only those who had come into Egypt with the army of his father but any who had come before that time or had been subsequently brought into the kingdom. It was pointed out to him that the ransom money would exceed four hundred talents.
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Notes and References
“... A huge price included a token fee of twenty drachmas each to be paid to the dispossessed owners out of the royal treasury. According to William Linn Westerman, in the time of Philadelphus, the lowest price paid for a slave was fifty drachmas. Even that compensation looks totally unrealistic for Ernest Abel: “The Ptolemies were not the kind of rulers who readily paid out money from their own treasuries for the advancement of their subjects’ welfare, and the fantastic idea only illustrates a fanciful imagination.” It seems to me that the source of this imagination may be the story of Joseph. That patriarch was sold to the Ishmeelites for twenty pieces of silver (according to the Septuagint, for twenty pieces of gold) “and they brought Joseph into Egypt” (Gen. 37:28). The Jews are liberated in Egypt for the money paid for their forefather to sell him to Egypt. ...”
Kovelman, Arkady
Between Alexandria and Jerusalem: The Dynamic of Jewish and Hellenistic Culture
(pp. 116-117) Brill, 2005
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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