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In Ezekiel, God's glory moves from the cherub to the temple's threshold. In 3 Enoch, God withdraws from earth to heaven, extending his departure from a sacred dwelling to a withdrawal from humanity.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Ezekiel 10:4
Hebrew Bible
3 (The cherubim were standing on the south side of the temple when the man went in, and a cloud filled the inner court.) 4 Then the glory of the Lord arose from the cherub and moved to the threshold of the temple. The temple was filled with the cloud while the court was filled with the brightness of the Lord’s glory. 5 The sound of the wings of the cherubim could be heard from the outer court, like the sound of the Sovereign God when he speaks. 6 When the Lord commanded the man dressed in linen, “Take fire from within the wheelwork, from among the cherubim,” the man went in and stood by one of the wheels.
3 Enoch 5:13
Hebrew Book of Enoch
Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
Now you are on earth and the idols likewise. What have you to do with the inhabitants of the earth who worship idols?" At once the Holy One, blessed be He, lifted up His Shekina from the earth, from their midst. In that moment came the ministering angels, the troops of hosts and the armies of 'Araboth in thousand camps and ten thousand hosts: they fetched trumpets and took the horns in their hands and surrounded the Shekina with all kinds of songs. And He ascended to the high heavens, as it is written (Ps. xlvii. 5): "God is gone up with a shout, the Lord with the sound of a trumpet".
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Notes and References
“... sinful humanity.27 Enoch is lifted on high in a fiery chariot (cf. 2 Kgs
2:11 and 1 En 70) and his removal coincides with the removal of the
shekina from earth (cf. Ezek 10:4). He is taken on high, where he is
shown all the secrets of heaven (3 En 8 and 11, Schäfer, Synopse § 892,
895), transformed into a glorious angelic being (chs. 9 and 15, Schäfer,
Synopse § 856) and given a throne of glory and a name like that of
God. He is placed at the door of the seventh hall of heaven (where God
himself dwells) and is made God’s intermediary and vice-regent. Before
him all the angels in heaven are compelled to prostrate themselves. This
is the most exalted of all the traditions about Enoch. ...”
Rowland, Christopher, and Christopher R. A. Morray-Jones
The Mystery of God: Early Jewish Mysticism and the New Testament
(p. 44) Brill, 2009
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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