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About this book

Zechariah

About this book
Chapter 9

1 This is an oracle, the Lord’s message concerning the land of Hadrach, with its focus on Damascus: The eyes of all humanity, especially of the tribes of Israel, are toward the Lord, 2 as are those of Hamath also, which adjoins Damascus, Tyre, and Sidon, though they consider themselves to be very wise. 3 Tyre built herself a fortification and piled up silver like dust and gold like the mud of the streets.⁠ 4 Nevertheless the Lord will evict her and shove her fortifications into the sea—she⁠ will be consumed by fire. 5 Ashkelon will see and be afraid; Gaza will be in great anguish, as will Ekron, for her hope will have been dried up. Gaza will lose her king, and Ashkelon will no longer be inhabited. 6 A mongrel people will live in Ashdod, for I will greatly humiliate the Philistines.⁠ 7 I will take away their blood from their mouth and their abominations from between their teeth;9⁠ then those who survive will become a community of believers in our God, like a clan in Judah, and Ekron will be like the Jebusites. 8 Then I will surround my temple to protect it like a guard⁠ from anyone crossing back and forth; so no one will cross over against them anymore as an oppressor, for now I myself have seen it. 9 Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion! Shout, daughter of Jerusalem!⁠ Look! Your king is coming to you: He is legitimate and victorious, humble and riding on a donkey—on a young donkey, the foal of a female donkey.⁠ 10 I will remove the chariot from Ephraim and the warhorse from Jerusalem, and the battle bow will be removed. Then he will announce peace to the nations. His dominion will be from sea to sea and from the Euphrates River to the ends of the earth.⁠ 11 Moreover, as for you, because of our covenant relationship secured with blood, I will release your prisoners from the waterless pit.⁠ 12 Return to the stronghold, you prisoners, with hope; today I declare that I will return double what was taken from you. 13 I will bend Judah as my bow; I will load the bow with Ephraim, my arrow. I will stir up your sons, Zion, against your sons, Greece, and I will make you, Zion, like a warrior’s sword. 14 Then the Lord will appear above them,⁠ and his arrow will shoot forth like lightning;⁠ the Sovereign Lord will blow the trumpet and will proceed in the southern storm winds.⁠ 15 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies will guard them, and they will prevail and overcome with sling stones. Then they will drink and will become noisy like drunkards, full like the sacrificial basin or like the corners of the altar. 16 On that day the Lord their God will deliver them as the flock of his people, for they are the precious stones of a crown sparkling over his land. 17 How precious and fair! Grain will make the young men flourish, and new wine the young women.

Texts in conversation

Compare Nahum 1:3 and Zechariah 9:14

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Nahum and Zechariah describe God as a storm deity, following ancient Near Eastern traditions where divine power is revealed through thunder, wind, and lightning. In Nahum, the storm judges Nineveh, while in Zechariah it defends Jerusalem.

Passages

Nahum 1:3

Hebrew Bible
1 This is an oracle about Nineveh; the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite: 2 The Lord is a zealous and avenging God; the Lord is avenging and very angry. The Lord takes vengeance against his foes; he sustains his rage against his enemies. 3 The Lord is slow to anger but great in power; the Lord will certainly not allow the wicked to go unpunished. He marches out in the whirlwind and the raging storm; dark storm clouds billow like dust under his feet. 4 He shouts a battle cry against the sea and makes it dry up; he makes all the rivers run dry. Bashan and Carmel wither; the blossom of Lebanon withers.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Nahum

Zechariah 9:14

Hebrew Bible
13 I will bend Judah as my bow; I will load the bow with Ephraim, my arrow. I will stir up your sons, Zion, against your sons, Greece, and I will make you, Zion, like a warrior’s sword. 14 Then the Lord will appear above them, and his arrow will shoot forth like lightning; the Sovereign Lord will blow the trumpet and will proceed in the southern storm winds. 15 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies will guard them, and they will prevail and overcome with sling stones. Then they will drink and will become noisy like drunkards, full like the sacrificial basin or like the corners of the altar.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zechariah

References

"... Divine “vengeance” occurs in contexts of punishment, such as for disobedience to the commandments as in Leviticus 26:25 and Jeremiah 5:9, 29. God’s “vengeance” is also disciplinary in order to restore lawfulness, as, for example, in Isaiah 1:24-26 where God’s “vengeance”, which is used here with God’s “wrath”, occurs so that Judah will be disciplined and become again a “city of righteousness”. God’s “vengeance” also serves to end oppression and injustice, as in Isaiah 59:17. In this verse, נקם is parallel to צדקה, showing that divine “vengeance” is a revelation of divine “righteousness”. In the prophets, where divine “vengeance” occurs the most, it is also used against the nations for their attempts at reaching out for world power, as in Isaiah 47:3; Jeremiah 46:10; 50:15 and Ezekiel 24:8. God’s “vengeance” against the enemy occurs in order to bring deliverance to God’s people, as in Isaiah 33:8; 35:4; 59:18; 61:2; 63:4; Jeremiah 51:36 and Nahum 1:2; 1:15. Within the Psalms, such as 58:10; 79:10; 94:1, and the confessions of Jeremiah (11:20; 20:12), the psalmists and Jeremiah are facing situations of threat or oppression, and they call to God to punish their oppressors and deliver them ..."
Karen Elizabeth Durant, “Imitation of God as a Principle for Ethics Today: A Study of Selected Psalms” (PhD diss., University of Birmingham, 2010), 192–193.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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