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Zechariah

About this book
Chapter 11

1 Open your gates, Lebanon, so that the fire may consume your cedars.⁠ 2 Howl, fir tree, because the cedar has fallen; the majestic trees have been destroyed. Howl, oaks of Bashan, because the impenetrable forest has fallen. 3 Listen to the howling of shepherds, because their magnificence has been destroyed. Listen to the roaring of young lions, because the thickets of the Jordan have been devastated. 4 The Lord my God says this: “Shepherd the flock set aside for slaughter. 5 Those who buy them slaughter them and are not held guilty; those who sell them say, ‘Blessed be the Lord, for I am rich.’ Their own shepherds have no compassion for them. 6 Indeed, I will no longer have compassion on the people of the land,” says the Lord, “but instead I will turn every last person over to his neighbor and his king. They will devastate the land, and I will not deliver it from them.” 7 So I began to shepherd the flock destined for slaughter, the most afflicted of all the flock. Then I took two staffs, calling one “Pleasantness” and the other “Union,” and I tended the flock. 8 Next I eradicated the three shepherds in one month, for I ran out of patience with them and, indeed, they detested me as well. 9 I then said, “I will not shepherd you. What is to die, let it die, and what is to be eradicated, let it be eradicated. As for those who survive, let them eat each other’s flesh!” 10 Then I took my staff “Pleasantness” and cut it in two to annul my covenant that I had made with all the people. 11 So it was annulled that very day, and then the most afflicted of the flock who kept faith with me knew that it was the Lord’s message. 12 Then I said to them, “If it seems good to you, pay me my wages, but if not, forget it.” So they weighed out my payment—30 pieces of silver.⁠ 13 The Lord then said to me, “Throw to the potter that exorbitant sum at which they valued me!” So I took the 30 pieces of silver and threw them to the potter at the temple of the Lord.⁠ 14 Then I cut the second staff “Union” in two in order to annul the covenant of brotherhood between Judah and Israel.⁠ 15 Again the Lord said to me, “Take up once more the equipment of a foolish shepherd. 16 Indeed, I am about to raise up a shepherd in the land who will not take heed of the sheep headed to slaughter, will not seek the scattered, and will not heal the injured. Moreover, he will not nourish the one that is healthy, but instead will eat the meat of the fat sheep and tear off their hooves. 17 “Woe to the worthless shepherd who abandons the flock! May a sword fall on his arm and his right eye! May his arm wither completely away and his right eye become completely blind!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Zechariah 11:12 and Matthew 27:10

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

In Matthew, the story of Judas's betrayal combines elements from Zechariah and Jeremiah. Zechariah's thirty pieces of silver for a rejected shepherd join with Jeremiah's defiled field, connecting blood and silver to shape the narrative.

Passages

Zechariah 11:12

Hebrew Bible
10 Then I took my staff “Pleasantness” and cut it in two to annul my covenant that I had made with all the people. 11 So it was annulled that very day, and then the most afflicted of the flock who kept faith with me knew that it was the Lord’s message. 12 Then I said to them, “If it seems good to you, pay me my wages, but if not, forget it.” So they weighed out my payment—30 pieces of silver. 13 The Lord then said to me, “Throw to the potter that exorbitant sum at which they valued me!” So I took the 30 pieces of silver and threw them to the potter at the temple of the Lord. 14 Then I cut the second staff “Union” in two in order to annul the covenant of brotherhood between Judah and Israel.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zechariah

Matthew 27:10

New Testament
8 For this reason that field has been called the “Field of Blood” to this day. 9 Then what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled: “They took the 30 silver coins, the price of the one whose price had been set by the people of Israel, 10 and they gave them for the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me.” 11 Then Jesus stood before the governor, and the governor asked him, “Are you the king of the Jews?” Jesus said, “You say so.” 12 But when he was accused by the chief priests and the elders, he did not respond.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... Matthew’s second ‘prophetic fulfilment quotation’ relates to the 30 pieces of silver in Zechariah 11:12-13, which is referenced in both Matthew 26:15 and Matthew 27:3-10. The presenting difficulty with these verses is that the quotation is attributed to Jeremiah, whereas the bulk of the quotation comes from Zechariah 11:13. The two key clauses in Matthew 27:9 are a re-ordered translation of the MT of Zechariah 11:13 ... The last clause of Zechariah 11:13 probably underlies Matthew 27:5, in which Judas ‘cast the money into the temple’, and (possibly) the reference to the ‘treasury’ in 27:6. However, it cannot be the case that Matthew simply had a memory lapse, and wrote ‘Jeremiah’ by mistake instead of ‘Zechariah’. There is too much in this ‘fulfillment’ that has no connection at all to Zechariah 11, and indeed even runs against the grain of Zechariah 11. Matthew 27:10 says ‘and they used them to buy the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me’, but Zechariah 11 contains no divine command to purchase anything, and no potter’s field. The key to understanding what is going on is to recognize that Matthew 27 is a mashup of Zechariah 11 and Jeremiah 19. That is, Matthew sees a typological fulfillment of both of these passages in the historical circumstances of the purchase of the ‘field of blood’ for thirty pieces of silver – the significance of the location points to Jeremiah 19, and the significance of the price points to Zechariah 11. To make the same point in another way, in this passage there is both a trail of blood, that leads back to Jeremiah 19, and a trail of silver, that leads us back to Zechariah 11 ..."
Michael R. Stead, “Expect the Unexpected: Matthew's Use of Zechariah,” in Listen to Him: Reading and Preaching Emmanuel in Matthew, ed. Peter G. Bolt (London: Latimer Trust, 2015), 45–65.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Zechariah 11:12 and Matthew 27:10

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