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Zechariah

About this book
Chapter 10

1 Ask the Lord for rain in the season of the late spring rains—the Lord who causes thunderstorms—and he will give everyone showers of rain and green growth in the field.⁠ 2 For the household gods have spoken wickedness, the soothsayers have seen a lie, and the dreamers have disclosed emptiness and give comfort in vain. Therefore the people set out like sheep and become scattered because they have no shepherd. 3 “I am enraged at the shepherds and will punish the lead goats. “For the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has brought blessing to his flock, the house of Judah, and will transform them into his majestic warhorse. 4 From him will come the cornerstone, the wall peg, the battle bow, and every ruler. 5 And they will be like warriors trampling the mud of the streets in battle. They will fight, for the Lord will be with them, and will defeat the enemy cavalry. 6 “I (says the Lord) will strengthen the kingdom of Judah and deliver the people of Joseph and will bring them back because of my compassion for them. They will be as though I had never rejected them, for I am the Lord their God, and therefore I will hear them. 7 The Ephraimites will be like warriors and will rejoice as if they had drunk wine. Their children will see it and rejoice; they will celebrate in the things of the Lord. 8 I will signal for them and gather them,⁠ for I have already redeemed them; then they will become as numerous as they were before. 9 Though I scatter them among the nations, they will remember in far-off places—they and their children will survive and return. 10 I will bring them back from Egypt and gather them from Assyria. I will bring them to the lands of Gilead and Lebanon, and there will not be enough room for them. 11 The Lord will cross the sea of storms and will calm its turbulence. The depths of the Nile will dry up, the pride of Assyria will be humbled, and the domination of Egypt will be no more.⁠ 12 Thus I will strengthen them by my power, and they will walk about in my name,” says the Lord.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 5:26 and Zechariah 10:8

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah uses the images of a signal flag and a whistle to describe God summoning distant nations to attack Israel in judgment. Zechariah reuses the whistle image but reverses it, presenting it as a call that gathers Israel back from exile.

Passages

Isaiah 5:26

Hebrew Bible
24 Therefore, as flaming fire devours straw and dry grass disintegrates in the flames, so their root will rot, and their flower will blow away like dust. For they have rejected the law of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, they have spurned the commands of the Holy One of Israel. 25 So the Lord is furious with his people; he lifts his hand and strikes them. The mountains shake, and corpses lie like manure in the middle of the streets. Despite all this, his anger does not subside, and his hand is ready to strike again. 26 He lifts a signal flag for a distant nation, he whistles for it to come from the far regions of the earth. Look, they come quickly and swiftly. 27 None tire or stumble, they don’t stop to nap or sleep. They don’t loosen their belts or unstrap their sandals to rest. 28 Their arrows are sharpened, and all their bows are prepared. The hooves of their horses are hard as flint, and their chariot wheels are like a windstorm.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Zechariah 10:8

Hebrew Bible
6 “I (says the Lord) will strengthen the kingdom of Judah and deliver the people of Joseph and will bring them back because of my compassion for them. They will be as though I had never rejected them, for I am the Lord their God, and therefore I will hear them. 7 The Ephraimites will be like warriors and will rejoice as if they had drunk wine. Their children will see it and rejoice; they will celebrate in the things of the Lord. 8 I will signal for them and gather them, for I have already redeemed them; then they will become as numerous as they were before. 9 Though I scatter them among the nations, they will remember in far-off places—they and their children will survive and return. 10 I will bring them back from Egypt and gather them from Assyria. I will bring them to the lands of Gilead and Lebanon, and there will not be enough room for them.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zechariah

References

"... The verb ('whistle') in the meaning 'call', occurs only in Isaiah 5:26, Isaiah 7:18 and Zechariah 10.8, and in all these passages the subject is God. In Isaiah, he whistles in order to call the nations against Israel, whereas in Zechariah he does it in order to call the Israelites home from their exile. In all other passages where it occurs it expresses the fright of those who face desolation. However, Isaiah 5:26 and 7:18 also deal with future desolation. Thus only in Zechariah 10:8 is it used in an oracle of salvation. Isaiah's oracles of judgment are thus reversed into their opposite. Without this explanation it would be difficult to understand why it is used in an oracle of salvation. This shows that Zechariah is dependent on Isaiah ..."
Risto Nurmela, “The Growth of the Book of Isaiah Illustrated by Allusions in Zechariah,” in Bringing Out the Treasure: Inner Biblical Allusion in Zechariah 9–14, ed. Mark J. Boda and Michael H. Floyd, JSOTSup 370 (London: Sheffield Academic, 2003), 255–256.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 5:26 and Zechariah 10:8

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