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About this book

Wisdom of Solomon

About this book

Prayer for Wisdom in Human Life

Chapter 9

1 “O God of my ancestors and Lord of mercy, who made all things by your word;⁠ 2 and by your wisdom you formed man, that he should have dominion over the creatures that were made by you, 3 and rule the world in holiness and righteousness, and execute judgment in uprightness of soul, 4 give me wisdom, her who sits by you on your thrones.⁠ Don’t reject me from among your servants,⁠ 5 because I am your servant and the son of your handmaid, a weak and short-lived man, with little power to understand judgment and laws. 6 For even if a man is perfect among the sons of men, if the wisdom that comes from you is not with him, he will count for nothing.⁠

A King’s Prayer for Wisdom

7 You chose me to be king of your people, and a judge for your sons and daughters. 8 You gave a command to build a sanctuary on your holy mountain, and an altar in the city where you live, a copy of the holy tent which you prepared from the beginning.⁠ 9 Wisdom is with you and knows your works, and was present when you were making the world,⁠ and understands what is pleasing in your eyes, and what is right according to your commandments.⁠ 10 Send her from the holy heavens, and ask her to come from the throne of your glory, that being present with me she may work, and I may learn what pleases you well. 11 For she knows all things and understands, and she will guide me prudently in my actions. She will guard me in her glory. 12 So my works will be acceptable. I will judge your people righteously, and I will be worthy of my father’s throne.

Human Limits and the Gift of Wisdom

13 For what man will know the counsel of God? Or who will conceive what the Lord wills?⁠ 14 For the thoughts of mortals are unstable, and our plans are prone to fail.⁠ 15 For a corruptible body weighs down the soul.⁠ The earthy tent burdens a mind that is full of cares.⁠ 16 We can hardly guess the things that are on earth, and we find the things that are close at hand with labor; but who has traced out the things that are in the heavens?⁠ 17 Who gained knowledge of your counsel, unless you gave wisdom, and sent your holy spirit from on high? 18 It was thus that the ways of those who are on earth were corrected, and men were taught the things that are pleasing to you. They were saved through wisdom.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 3:19 and Wisdom of Solomon 9:9

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Proverbs presents wisdom as the figure through which the world was created. The Wisdom of Solomon develops this further, portraying wisdom as a close companion of God, active not only in creation but also in guiding human life.

Passages

Proverbs 3:19

Hebrew Bible
17 Her ways are very pleasant, and all her paths are peaceful. 18 She is like a tree of life to those who grasp onto her, and everyone who takes hold of her will be blessed. 19 By wisdom the Lord laid the foundation of the earth; he established the heavens by understanding. 20 By his knowledge the primordial sea was broken open, so that the clouds drip down dew. 21 My child, do not let them escape from your sight; safeguard sound wisdom and discretion.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Wisdom of Solomon 9:9

Deuterocanon
7 You chose me to be king of your people, and a judge for your sons and daughters. 8 You gave a command to build a sanctuary on your holy mountain, and an altar in the city where you live, a copy of the holy tent which you prepared from the beginning. 9 Wisdom is with you and knows your works, and was present when you were making the world, and understands what is pleasing in your eyes, and what is right according to your commandments. 10 Send her from the holy heavens, and ask her to come from the throne of your glory, that being present with me she may work, and I may learn what pleases you well. 11 For she knows all things and understands, and she will guide me prudently in my actions. She will guard me in her glory.
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

References

"... This “prayer of Solomon” exhibits careful literary structuring with both inclusions (wisdom / humankind, 9:2) and chiastic patterns. In verses 1–2 the assimilation of God’s word and wisdom is very similar to that in Sirach 24:3. It enables the author to identify the Word with which God creates in Genesis 1 (see also Psalm 33:6) with Wisdom in its cosmic role as we see it, for example, in Psalm 104:24 and Proverbs 3:19; 8:22–31. 9:2 seems to be based on Genesis 1:26–28 and Psalm 8:5–6, but again the closest parallel is with Ben Sirach (17:1–4). The epithet paredros (that sits by your throne), used of Wisdom in 9:4, is a striking example of personification since it is used in nonbiblical Greek for subordinate deities. This passage has been used by some scholars to argue that belief in a female consort of Yahweh (well attested in the preexilic period - see Olyan 1988) has influenced the development of the concept of Wisdom. For others this word reflects language used of Isis in Egyptian religion ... The idea that the Jerusalem temple is the copy of a heavenly archetype is deeply rooted in Old Testament and Jewish tradition (see Exodus 25:9, 40; 26:30; Psalm 11:4) ... this attitude to temples can be traced far back in ancient Near Eastern thought. There seems to be a delicate balance in 9:9 between the cosmic approach to wisdom and more traditional law-oriented Judaism ..."
A. Peter Hayman, Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible: Wisdom of Solomon (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2019), 54.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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