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About this book

Wisdom of Solomon

About this book

Prayer for Wisdom in Human Life

Chapter 9

1 “O God of my ancestors and Lord of mercy, who made all things by your word;⁠ 2 and by your wisdom you formed man, that he should have dominion over the creatures that were made by you, 3 and rule the world in holiness and righteousness, and execute judgment in uprightness of soul, 4 give me wisdom, her who sits by you on your thrones.⁠ Don’t reject me from among your servants,⁠ 5 because I am your servant and the son of your handmaid, a weak and short-lived man, with little power to understand judgment and laws. 6 For even if a man is perfect among the sons of men, if the wisdom that comes from you is not with him, he will count for nothing.⁠

A King’s Prayer for Wisdom

7 You chose me to be king of your people, and a judge for your sons and daughters. 8 You gave a command to build a sanctuary on your holy mountain, and an altar in the city where you live, a copy of the holy tent which you prepared from the beginning.⁠ 9 Wisdom is with you and knows your works, and was present when you were making the world,⁠ and understands what is pleasing in your eyes, and what is right according to your commandments.⁠ 10 Send her from the holy heavens, and ask her to come from the throne of your glory, that being present with me she may work, and I may learn what pleases you well. 11 For she knows all things and understands, and she will guide me prudently in my actions. She will guard me in her glory. 12 So my works will be acceptable. I will judge your people righteously, and I will be worthy of my father’s throne.

Human Limits and the Gift of Wisdom

13 For what man will know the counsel of God? Or who will conceive what the Lord wills?⁠ 14 For the thoughts of mortals are unstable, and our plans are prone to fail.⁠ 15 For a corruptible body weighs down the soul.⁠ The earthy tent burdens a mind that is full of cares.⁠ 16 We can hardly guess the things that are on earth, and we find the things that are close at hand with labor; but who has traced out the things that are in the heavens?⁠ 17 Who gained knowledge of your counsel, unless you gave wisdom, and sent your holy spirit from on high? 18 It was thus that the ways of those who are on earth were corrected, and men were taught the things that are pleasing to you. They were saved through wisdom.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Wisdom of Solomon 9:15 and Augustine, City of God 19.17

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

Wisdom of Solomon describes the body as a burden on the soul. Augustine echoes this description when contrasting the mortal body with the future spiritual body, which will no longer weigh the soul down.

Passages

Wisdom of Solomon 9:15

Deuterocanon
13 For what man will know the counsel of God? Or who will conceive what the Lord wills? 14 For the thoughts of mortals are unstable, and our plans are prone to fail. 15 For a corruptible body weighs down the soul. The earthy tent burdens a mind that is full of cares. 16 We can hardly guess the things that are on earth, and we find the things that are close at hand with labor; but who has traced out the things that are in the heavens? 17 Who gained knowledge of your counsel, unless you gave wisdom, and sent your holy spirit from on high?
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

Augustine, City of God 19.17

Early Christian · On the City of God Against the Pagans
Even the heavenly city, therefore, while in its state of pilgrimage, avails itself of the peace of earth, and, as far as it can without injuring faith and godliness, desires and maintains a common agreement among men regarding the acquisition of the necessities of life, and makes this earthly peace bear on the peace of heaven; for this alone can be truly called and considered the peace of the rational creatures, consisting as it does in the perfectly ordered and harmonious enjoyment of God and of one another in God. When we have reached that peace, this mortal life will give place to one that is eternal, and our body will no longer be this animal body which by its corruption weighs down the soul, but a spiritual body feeling no need, and in all its parts subjected to the will.
426 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Augustine, City of God 19

References

“... As La Bonnadiére observed, the OT was used much more in Augustine’s polemics just as the example here. But did Wisdom belong to the OT? Augustine would certainly repeat certain select verses from Wisdom the better to engrain them on the minds of catechisand and catechised. [...] Thus, as La Bonnadière notes, Wisdom was used against the Manicheans and the Pelagians to safeguard divine transcendence in creation and salvation. In all these, texts from Wisdom are not merely illustrative. In polemical battle with heretics they were the jumping-off points. They inspired Augustine to think more loftily of God than his enemies did. Wisdom 9:15 (‘for a perishable body weighs down the soul’) is the verse most used, to prove that evil is caused by us, not by cosmic powers. Nevertheless she thinks the most creative contribution by Wisdom to Augustine’s theology was that made by Wisdom 7:27, that Wisdom herself in animas sanctas se transfert, which is a very strong assertion of the all-sufficiency of grace for Christians. Wisdom is rarely quoted in chunks – the best example is De trin. III 10 (21) where human frailty is associated with human ignorance: this passage does not seem to be about sin, but rather about human limitation, although elsewhere (En. Ps. 127.16 and Ad Simplicianum I, qu. 1,13) Wisdom 9:15 is used to show how corruption is the state of fallen humankind [...] So the fact of the matter is that for issues of doctrine and practice Wisdom did carry authority for Augustine in the sense that the book shaped these two. ...”
Mark W. Elliott, “Wisdom of Solomon, Canon and Authority,” in Studia Patristica LXIII (Leuven: Peeters, 2013), 6–7.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Wisdom of Solomon 9:15 and Augustine, City of God 19.17

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