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Wisdom of Solomon

About this book
Chapter 14

1 Again, one preparing to sail, and about to journey over raging waves, calls upon a piece of wood more fragile than the vessel that carries him.⁠ 2 For the hunger for profit planned it, and wisdom was the craftsman who built it. 3 Your providence, O Father, guides it along, because even in the sea you gave a way, and in the waves a sure path, 4 showing that you can save out of every danger, that even a man without skill may put to sea. 5 It is your will that the works of your wisdom should not be ineffective. Therefore men also entrust their lives to a little piece of wood, and passing through the surge on a raft come safely to land. 6 For in the old time also, when proud giants were perishing, the hope of the world, taking refuge on a raft, left to the world a seed of generations, guided by your hand.⁠ 7 For blessed is wood through which comes righteousness; 8 but the idol made with hands is accursed, itself and he that made it; because his was the working, and the corruptible thing was called a god. 9 For both the ungodly and his ungodliness are alike hateful to God; 10 for truly the deed will be punished together with him who committed it. 11 Therefore also there will be a visitation among the idols of the nations, because, though formed of things which God created, they were made an abomination, stumbling blocks to the souls of men, and a snare to the feet of the foolish.

The Origins and Consequences of Idolatry

12 For the devising of idols was the beginning of fornication, and the invention of them the corruption of life.⁠ 13 For they didn’t exist from the beginning, and they won’t exist forever. 14 For by the boastfulness of men they entered into the world, and therefore a speedy end was planned for them. 15 For a father worn with untimely grief, making an image of the child quickly taken away, now honored him as a god which was then a dead human being,⁠ and delivered to those that were under him mysteries and solemn rites. 16 Afterward the ungodly custom, in process of time grown strong, was kept as a law, and the engraved images received worship by the commandments of princes. 17 And when men could not honor them in presence because they lived far off, imagining the likeness from afar, they made a visible image of the king whom they honored, that by their zeal they might flatter the absent as if present. 18 But worship was raised to a yet higher pitch, even by those who didn’t know him, urged forward by the ambition of the architect; 19 for he, wishing perhaps to please his ruler, used his art to force the likeness toward a greater beauty. 20 So the multitude, allured by reason of the grace of his handiwork, now consider an object of devotion him that a little before was honored as a man. 21 And this became an ambush for life, because men, in bondage either to calamity or to tyranny, invested stones and wood with the Name that shouldn’t be shared.⁠ 22 Afterward it was not enough for them to go astray concerning the knowledge of God, but also, while they live in a great war of ignorance, they call a multitude of evils peace. 23 For either slaughtering children in solemn rites, or celebrating secret mysteries, or holding frenzied revels of strange customs, 24 no longer do they guard either life or purity of marriage, but one brings upon another either death by treachery, or anguish by adultery.⁠ 25 And all things confusedly are filled with blood and murder, theft and deceit, corruption, faithlessness, tumult, perjury, 26 confusion about what is good, forgetfulness of favors, ingratitude for benefits, defiling of souls, confusion of sex, disorder in marriage, adultery and wantonness.⁠ 27 For the worship of idols that may not be named is a beginning and cause and end of every evil. 28 For their worshipers either make merry to madness, or prophesy lies, or live unrighteously, or lightly commit perjury. 29 For putting their trust in lifeless idols, when they have sworn a wicked oath, they do not expect to suffer harm. 30 But on both counts, the just doom will pursue them, because they had evil thoughts of God by giving heed to idols, and swore unrighteously in deceit through contempt for holiness. 31 For it is not the power of things by which men swear, but it is the just penalty for those who sin that always visits the transgression of the unrighteous.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 42:8 and Wisdom of Solomon 14:21

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Isaiah 42 says that God’s honor and reputation will not be shared with idols, framing the criticism as a question of rightful recognition. Wisdom of Solomon echoes this, portraying people as giving this recognition to objects of their own making.

Passages

Isaiah 42:8

Hebrew Bible
6 “I, the Lord, officially commission you; I take hold of your hand. I protect you and make you a covenant mediator for people and a light to the nations, 7 to open blind eyes, to release prisoners from dungeons, those who live in darkness from prisons. 8 “I am the Lord! That is my name! I will not share my glory with anyone else or the praise due me with idols. 9 Look, my earlier predictive oracles have come to pass; now I announce new events. Before they begin to occur, I reveal them to you.” 10 Sing to the Lord a brand new song! Praise him from the horizon of the earth, you who go down to the sea and everything that lives in it, your coastlands and those who live there.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Wisdom of Solomon 14:21

Deuterocanon
19 for he, wishing perhaps to please his ruler, used his art to force the likeness toward a greater beauty. 20 So the multitude, allured by reason of the grace of his handiwork, now consider an object of devotion him that a little before was honored as a man. 21 And this became an ambush for life, because men, in bondage either to calamity or to tyranny, invested stones and wood with the Name that shouldn’t be shared. 22 Afterward it was not enough for them to go astray concerning the knowledge of God, but also, while they live in a great war of ignorance, they call a multitude of evils peace. 23 For either slaughtering children in solemn rites, or celebrating secret mysteries, or holding frenzied revels of strange customs,
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

References

"... 14:12 at first sight seems strange, but in the background lies the rich metaphorical use in the Old Testament of the term “fornication / prostitution” for religious apostasy (see Jeremiah 2:20; 3:2, 9; Hosea 4:12; 5:4; 6:10). The parallelistic structure of the verse reinforces this less specific meaning of the term “fornication” (the idea of making idols parallels the invention of them; the beginning of fornication parallels the corruption of life). In 14:21 some commentators have seen an allusion to the practice of not pronouncing the divine name Yahweh. But idolaters were hardly likely to be calling their gods by such a name, and the more universal term theos is almost certainly what the author had in mind (compare Isaiah 42:8). 14:22 has been taken to be an allusion to the Pax Romana. The NRSV slightly obscures the meaning of 14:29. It is because the wicked are so sure that their gods are lifeless that they swear false oaths (verse 30) and do not, therefore, expect to suffer any untoward consequences, in contrast to Exodus 20:7. 14:31 is concerned to emphasize that it is not the power of the gods represented by the idols which brings retribution on perjurers, while the Greek of verse 31 evokes the personification of Justice (Dikē) relentlessly pursuing wrongdoers ..."
A. Peter Hayman, Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible: Wisdom of Solomon (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2019), 63–64.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 42:8 and Wisdom of Solomon 14:21

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